Fannie faced 'horrible alternatives'

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Daniel Mudd testifies on Capitol Hill  April 9, 2010.
Mudd says his company faced an impossible task about the country's financial collapse. AP Photo

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It turns out that even the former CEO of Fannie Mae thought that his company had an impossible task.

Citing the unique public-private hybrid nature of Fannie and its sister company Freddie Mac, former CEO Daniel Mudd told the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission on Friday that the demands on the firms — to increase access to housing and to maximize profits — were sometimes in unworkable conflict with each other.

“When prices crashed far beyond the realm of historical experience, it became ‘The Pit and the Pendulum,’ a choice between horrible alternatives,” Mudd said in his prepared testimony.

“I wish I could have maintained the delicate balance of the roles assigned to Fannie Mae, and I am sorry that I could not,” he said.

The two companies have become political lightning rods, with Republicans arguing that efforts by Democrats to push the two entities to extend home lending to more and more people — even to those who may have been unable to pay their mortgages — helped fuel the subprime mortgage boom that ultimately became the trigger for the broader economic collapse in 2008.

The administration is gearing up for an effort to reform Freddie and Fannie, and Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner has said he thinks the public-private hybrid model is unworkable. But Freddie and Fannie are not addressed in detail in the pending Wall Street reform legislation — something that Republicans have said is a failure of the current bill.

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were so-called Government Sponsored Entities — congressionally chartered private companies that existed to buy mortgages from lenders like banks, repackage them into securities  and sell them on Wall Street. The idea was that a government role in providing liquidity into the market would extend homeownership to a larger percentage of Americans.

But Fannie and Freddie failed under the weight of the subprime mortgage collapse and were nationalized by the U.S. government in September 2008, a move that has to date cost taxpayers $126 billion.

Friday’s hearing included Mudd and Robert Levin, the former executive vice president and chief business officer of Fannie Mae. A later panel was scheduled to include the company’s former regulators, Armando Falcon Jr., the former director of the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight and James Lockhart, the former director of the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight.

Asked by a commission member whether the government should be in the home mortgage business at all, Mudd said that was the most important question of the hearing. But, given that the government is involved in 90 percent of all home loans today, he said, “the notion that you could go back to a fully private structure cannot be accomplished within our lifetime.”

The FCIC is expected to issue a report to Congress on the causes of the financial crisis before the end of 2010.

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