SERC Marine Invasions Lab

yellow starburst on blue background with words Smithsonian Institution underneath

Smithsonian Environmental Research Center's Marine Invasions Research Lab has several projects and datasets.

National Ballast Information Clearinghouse logo
National Ballast Information Clearinghouse

The National Ballast Information Clearinghouse (NBIC) is a joint program of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) and the United States Coast Guard that collects, analyzes, and interprets data on the ballast water management practices of commercial ships that operate in the waters of the United States. Ballast water data are available for download from our online database.

AIRD logo
Aquatic Invasions Research Directory

AIRD provides a resource:
  • To learn quickly about the extent and scope of topic-specific activities;
  • Research geographic locations of existing or past activities; and,
  • Provides contact information and available publications for each study.


  • National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System (NEMESIS)

    NEMESIS is a resource for information on non-native (or exotic) species that occur in coastal marine waters of the United States.
    The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) has developed and maintains a national database of marine and estuarine invasions of the continental U.S. and Alaska. This relational database compiles detailed information on approximately 500 different non-native species of plants, fish, invertebrates, protists and algae that have invaded our coastal waters. The database identifies which species have been reported, their current population status (i.e., whether established or not), as well as when, where, and how they invaded; it also summarizes key information on the biology, ecology, and known impacts of each invader.

    NISbase Adds References


    NISbase has added a section that searches reference databases from three partners.

    Marine Invasives

    ocean coast in Maui.  Photo by Pam Fuller - USGS
    Ocean coast in Maui. Photo by Pam Fuller - USGS

     

    Marine organisms have been move around the world by shipping. Ocean-bound ships take on water, called ballast, when they are empty to stabilize the ships. When they load cargo, they discharge the water (and the organisms they took up along with it). In the previous century, ships used solid ballast - dirt. When ships reached port, they off-loaded the dirt (and the plants and seeds and organisms the dirt contained).

    Another mechanism of dispersal of marine organisms via shipping is by fouling the ship's hull (both inside with ballast water, and outside). These organisms can be transported long distances in this way. Examples of fouling organisms include barnacles and mussels.  

     

    North America (Both coasts)

    Also see links from the Geography portion of this site:

    Or see our page under Invasive Animals; Other Invertebrates: Crabs

    Species Specific Information (USGS/NAS)

     

    Resources on Marine Invasives
    Showing 201 Results
    Collapse100 of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species
    Description: Part of the Global Invasive Species Database. A list of one hundred species selected to collectively illustrate the range of impacts caused by biological invasion. Includes species description, taxonomy, habitat, impacts, uses, notes, geographical range, management information, nutrition, reproduction, lifecycle stages.
    Resource Type: Checklists and Identification Guides, Life Histories and Species Profiles
    Resource Format: URL
    Publisher: The World Conservation Union ( IUCN ), Species Survival Commission ( SSC ), Invasive Species Specialist Group ( ISSG )
    Expand100th Meridian Initiative Listserve
    Expand14th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
    ExpandAfrica, Marine and Coastal Areas
    ExpandAlaska Invasive Species List and Telephone Hotline (1-877-INVASIV)
    ExpandAlien and Invasive Algae in Hawaii - Ecological Success of Alien / Invasive Marine Algae in Hawaii
    ExpandAn Initial Characterization of Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in the Gulf of Mexico Region
    ExpandAn Initial Survey of Aquatic Invasive Species Issues in the Gulf of Mexico Region
    ExpandAquatic Bioinvasion Research and Policy Institute, The
    ExpandAquatic Invaders in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence
    ExpandAquatic Invasive Species Issues in the Gulf of Mexico Region, An Initial Survey of
    ExpandAquatic Invasive Species Working Group (Pacific Northwest)
    ExpandAquatic Nuisance Species Hotline - 877-STOP-ANS (877-786-7267)
    ExpandAquatic Nuisance Species Prevention: Alaska Ecological Surveys
    ExpandAquatic Plant Management Society Inc.
    ExpandAssessing the Global Threat of Invasive Species to Marine Biodiversity
    ExpandAssessment and Prioritisation of Risk for Forty Exotic Animal Species
    ExpandASSIST: Development of the American Samoa Selected Invasive Species Taskforce
    ExpandAustralian National Introduced Marine Pest Information System ( NIMPIS )
    ExpandBallast Water - Ships are dumping invasive species laden ballast water into Washington Waters
    ExpandBay-Delta Chinese Mitten Crab web page
    ExpandBest Practice for the Management of Introduced Marine Pests - A Review
    ExpandBiodiveristy of Marine Communities in Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii, with Observations on Introduced Exotic Species
    ExpandBiodiversity and Conservation: A Hypertext Book by Peter J. Bryant
    ExpandBiological Invasions in Aquatic Systems: The Economic Problem
    ExpandBiological Pollution
    ExpandBrazilian elodea Species Profile
    ExpandBroad-Scale Nonindigenous Species Monitoring along the West Coast in National Marine Sanctuaries and National Estuarine Research Reserves (Part I)
    ExpandBroad-Scale Nonindigenous Species Monitoring along the West Coast in National Marine Sanctuaries and National Estuarine Research Reserves (Part II) - Site Specific Projects
    ExpandBroad-Scale Nonindigenous Species Monitoring along the West Coast in National Marine Sanctuaries and National Estuarine Research Reserves (Part III) - Overall Conclusions
    ExpandCalifornia Central Valley Bay-Delta Mitten Crab Sighting Report Form and Telephone Hotline 1 888 321 8913
    ExpandCalifornia’s reaction to Caulerpa taxifolia: a model for invasive species rapid response
    ExpandCaulerpa taxifolia Survey and Identification Information Package in support of the Caulerpa Control Protocol
    ExpandCaulerpa taxifolia-Invasive Aquatic Plants
    ExpandCentre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests
    ExpandChapter 12: Islands
    ExpandChinese Mitten Crabs
    ExpandCIESM Atlas of Exotic Molluscs in the Mediterranean
    ExpandCIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean
    ExpandCIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean Sea
    ExpandCoast Elementary and Middle School Marine and Aquatic Resources
    ExpandCoastal Ecosystem Science Lesson Plan: Alien Invasion!
    ExpandConfronting Climate Change in the Gulf Coast Region (PDF)
    ExpandCSIRO Research - Introduced Marine Pests
    ExpandDatabase of Global Marine Invasive Species Threats
    ExpandDecision Support Tools: Identifying Potentially Invasive Non-native Mmarine and Freshwater Species: Fish, Invertebrates, Amphibians
    ExpandDetermination of Baseline Conditions for Introduced Marine Species in Nearshore Waters of the Island of Kaho'olawe, Hawaii
    ExpandDiversity of the Seas, Introduction
    ExpandEek! Alien Invaders
    ExpandEnvironmental Institute of Houston
    ExpandEradication of Introduced Carnivorous Lizards from Southwest Florida
    ExpandERIC Digest Resources for Teaching and Learning about Exotic Species
    ExpandExotic Aquatics of the Gulf Coast
    ExpandExotic Aquatics on the Move
    ExpandExotic Species of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
    ExpandFAO Database on Introductions of Aquatic Species ( DIAS )
    ExpandFeral.org.au Database of Vertebrate Pest Animal Species in Australia and New Zealand
    ExpandField Guide to Aquatic Exotic Plants and Animals
    ExpandFishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 106th Congress
    ExpandFlorida Invasive Animal Task Team ( FIATT )
    ExpandFlorida's Exotic Wildlife: Status for 4 Amphibian Species
    ExpandGalveston Bay Estuary Program
    ExpandGalveston Bay Invasive Species Risk Assessment Project
    ExpandGeorgia Aquatic Nuisance Species Overview (PPT, 31.7 MB)
    ExpandGlobal Ballast Water Management Programme
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in Guam
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in American Samoa
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in Florida
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in Hawaii
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in Illinois
    ExpandGlobal Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species in Indiana
    ExpandGloBallast Directories & Databases
    ExpandGloBallast Partnerships Links
    ExpandGreat Lakes Aquatic Invasive Species Photography Library
    ExpandGreat Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System Database ( GLANSIS )
    ExpandGuide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay
    ExpandGuidebook of Introduced Marine Species of Hawai'i
    ExpandHarmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States
    ExpandHawaiian Reef Algae - Your gateway to limu! Tools for Study and Research in Botany, UH Manoa
    ExpandIllinois Aquatic Non-Native Species Reporting Form
    ExpandIllinois Aquatic Nuisance Species Program
    ExpandImage Gallery and Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay
    ExpandImproved Methods for Ballast Water Treatment and Management and Prevention of Small Boat Transport of Invasive Species
    ExpandIndiana Aquatic Nuisance Species (ANS) Management Plan
    ExpandIndiana Invasive Species Overview
    ExpandInterpreting Marine Invasive Species for the Public: Aquarium Exhibits As An Untapped Venue for Bioinvasions Prevention and Education
    ExpandIntroduced and Cryptogenic Species of the North Atlantic
    ExpandIntroduced Marine Aquatic Invaders - a field guide and telephone hotline for reporting sightings - FISHWATCH
    ExpandIntroduced Marine Invaders in Western Australia -- Green Crab. (An Illustrated Field Guide)
    ExpandIntroduced Species Summary Project
    ExpandInvaders - Fish
    ExpandInvasive and Nonindigenous Fauna of Coastal South Carolina (PPT, 16.3 MB)
    ExpandInvasive Marine Algae of Hawai'i
    ExpandInvasive Marine and Estuarine Animals of Hawai'i and other Pacific Islands
    ExpandInvasive Marine and Estuarine Animals of the Gulf of Mexico
    ExpandInvasive Marine and Estuarine Animals of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska
    ExpandInvasive Marine and Estuarine Animals of the South Atlantic and Puerto Rico
    ExpandInvasive Plant Research Laboratory
    ExpandInvasive Species Council Rogues Gallery
    ExpandInvasive Species Mapping in Michigan Data Downloads for Round Goby, Ruffe, Purple Loosestrife, Sea Lamprey, Zebra Mussel, Quagga Mussel, Spiny Waterflea, and Eurasian Watermilfoil
    ExpandInvasive Species Mapping in Michigan Time Series Map Sea Lamprey, Ruffe, Round Goby, and Zebra Mussel
    ExpandInvasive Species Monitoring Approaches for Volunteer Programs
    ExpandInventory of Existing Biological Diversity Databases for British Columbia (PDF)
    ExpandIt's An Invasion! game
    ExpandJakarta Mandate Marine and Coastal Biodiversity - Introduction
    ExpandJellyfish numbers swell by swarms and smacks | StarTribune.com
    ExpandLesson Plans in Coastal Ecosystem Science: Invasive Species
    ExpandLiterature Review on the Aquarium Strain of Caulerpa taxifolia
    ExpandMaine Department of Environmental Protection and Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife Invasive Aquatic Species Program Report to the Joint Legislative Committees on Natural Resources and Fish and Wildlife
    ExpandMaine Invasive Aquatic Species Work Group Invasive Aquatic Species Report to the Joint Legislative Committees on Natural Resources and Fish and Wildlife
    ExpandManagement Plan for the European Green Crab
    ExpandMarine Alien Species of Estonia
    ExpandMarine Bioinvasives of New England Shores
    ExpandMarine Biological Invasions
    ExpandMarine Biological Invasions of Port Phillip Bay, Victoria
    ExpandMarine Invader Tracking Information System
    ExpandMarine Invasions Research Lab
    ExpandMarine Invasive Species, State of the Gulf of Maine Report
    ExpandMarine Nuisance Species - Didemnum
    ExpandMarine Pests and Threats
    ExpandMassachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant Program
    ExpandMichigan's Aquatic Nuisance Species State Management Plan Update - Prevention and Control in Michigan Waters
    ExpandMinnesota Invasive Species Advisory Council Species Profiles
    ExpandModel GIS Assessment of Nonindigenous Invasive Species in Michigan Waters: Final Report
    ExpandModel Rapid Response Plan for Aquatic Nuisance Species (Part 1: Table of Contents)
    ExpandModel Rapid Response Plan for Aquatic Nuisance Species (Part II: Main Document)
    ExpandMolluscan Ecology Program - Rapa Whelk Research
    ExpandMollusks
    ExpandNab the Aquatic Invader!
    ExpandNab the Aquatic Invader! Be a Sea Grant Super Sleuth
    ExpandNational Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System
    ExpandNational Management Plan for the Genus Caulerpa
    ExpandNational Management Plan for the Genus Eriocheir (Mitten Crabs)
    ExpandNatural History Guide to American Samoa
    ExpandNEMESIS Databases
    ExpandNIS Species and Technology Fact Sheets
    ExpandNonindigenous Annelid Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Plant Distribution Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) Alert System
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) in the United States
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) Sighting Report Form
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Species in the United States Estuary: A Case Study of the Biological Invasions of th San Francisco Bay and Delta
    ExpandNon-indigenous Aquatic Species: Hawaii Portal
    ExpandNonindigenous Aquatic Species: Lionfish Sightings Distribution
    ExpandNonindigenous Bryozoan Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Coelenterate Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Crustacean Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Diseases in the Marine Environment
    ExpandNonindigenous Fish Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Mammals in the United States
    ExpandNonindigenous Marine Species at Waikiki and Hawai'i Kai, O'ahu, Hawai'i
    ExpandNonindigenous Marine Species in Kane'ohe Bay, O'ahu, Hawai'i
    ExpandNonindigenous Marine Species Introductions in the Harbors of the South and West Shores of Oahu, Hawaii
    ExpandNonindigenous Reptiles in the United States
    ExpandNonindigenous Species - Reference List from the NISbase Distributed Database System
    ExpandNonindigenous Sponge Information
    ExpandNonindigenous Tunicate Information
    ExpandNon-Native Aquatic Species in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Regions
    ExpandNon-native Marine Species in British Waters: a Review and Directory
    ExpandNorth America Biodiversity
    ExpandNortheast Aquatic Nuisance Species Panel ( NEANS ) Listserve
    ExpandNot All Alien Invaders Are From Outer Space - European Green Shore Crab (Carcinus maenas)
    ExpandNot All Alien Invaders Are From Outer Space - Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
    ExpandOceans in Peril
    ExpandOnline Guide to Aquatic Invasive Species in Northeastern North America
    ExpandOperational Strategy of the Global Environment Facility: International Waters
    ExpandOregon Aquatic Nuisance Species Management Plan
    ExpandOur Living Resources
    ExpandPathways of Aquatic Species Introduction: An Initial Survey of Aquatic Invasive Species Issues in the Gulf of Mexico Region(PDF)
    ExpandPest Risk Assessment for Rock Snot (Didymo) in Oregon
    ExpandPhragmites australis: Invasive Plant Species
    ExpandPoster Presentations
    ExpandPreliminary Review of Adaptation Options for Climate-Sensitive Ecosystems and Resources (PDF, 550 pp., 20.44 MB)
    ExpandPRESIDENT CLINTON EXPANDS FEDERAL EFFORT TO COMBAT INVASIVE SPECIES
    ExpandProtect Your Waters - Stop Aquatic Hitchhikers!
    ExpandProtocols for Monitoring Aquatic Nuisance Species
    ExpandQuagga/Zebra Mussel Infestation Prevention and Response Planning Guide
    ExpandRapid Response to Aquatic Nuisance Species in the Northeast - Developing an Early Detection and Eradication Protocol, Workshop Proceedings
    ExpandRed alga Species Profile
    ExpandReport for Congress - Invasive Non-Native Species: Background and Issues for Congress
    ExpandRival for Survival game
    ExpandSan Francisco Estuary Institute
    ExpandSea Grant National Aquatic Nuisance Species Clearinghouse
    ExpandSea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
    ExpandState of Maine Action Plan for Managing Invasive Aquatic Species
    ExpandStatement Of Dr. Thomas R. Armstrong Senior Advisor For Global Change Programs, U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department Of The Interior, Before The House Appropriations Subcommittee On Interior, Environment And Related Agencies Regarding Climate Change April (PDF, 4 pp., 31.35 KB)
    ExpandStatus of Coral Reefs of the World: 2004 ( Executive Summary )
    ExpandStatus Of Invasive Alien Species In CBD Thematic Areas And Other Areas
    ExpandSupplemental Materials for: Assessing the Global Threat of Invasive Species to Marine Biodiversity
    ExpandSystematic Inventory of Rare and Alien Aquatic Species
    ExpandTEACH Great Lakes Resource for Non-native Invasive Species
    ExpandTexas Prohibitied Exotic Aquatic Species List
    ExpandThe Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment
    ExpandTop-six alien mollusc within the Pertuis Charentais Sea
    Expandtransitions... 2002 Annual Report on Aquatic Invasive Species
    ExpandTrinational Risk Assessment Guidelines for Aquatic Alien Invasive Species. Test Cases for the Snakeheads (Channidae) and Armored Catfishes (Loricariidae) in North American Inland Waters
    ExpandUnited States Coast Guard - Office of Operating and Environmental Standards
    ExpandUnited States Coast Guard - Office of Operating and Environmental Standards
    ExpandWild Boar (Sus scrofa)
    ExpandWorkshop On Climate Variability And Water Resource Management In The Southeastern United States (PDF, 74 pp., 212.92 KB)
    ExpandZebra Mussel species profile web page
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