Hawaii's Most Invasive Horticultural Plants |
This is a list of the worst invasive horticultural plants in Hawaii as put forth by the Hawaii State Alien Species Coordinator (Department of Land & Natural Resources [DLNR], Division of Forestry & Wildlife [DOFAW]). It is urged that species on this list not be grown anywhere in the state of Hawaii.
For more information about invasiveness of these & other horticultural plants, the problems they cause, and the criteria by which these species were selected for this list, see the introductory text for this site.
Questions regarding this list should be directed to the State Alien Species Coordinator, DLNR/DOFAW, 1151 Punchbowl St., Rm. 325, Honolulu, HI 96813; ph. 808-587-0164.
Species (Family) | Common Name | Other names |
---|---|---|
Acacia confusa (Fabaceae) | Formosan koa | |
Angiopteris evecta (Marattiaceae) | mule's foot fern | giant fern |
Antigonon leptopus (Polygonaceae) | Mexican creeper | mountain rose, coral bells, confederate vine, chain-of-love, hearts-on-a-chain |
Ardisia crenata (Myrsinaceae) | Hilo holly | hens eyes, Ardisia crispa, Ardisia crenulata |
Ardisia elliptica (Myrsinaceae) | shoebutton ardisia | Ardisia humilis, Ardisia solanacea, Ardisia squamulosa |
Artabotrys hexapetalus (Annonaceae) | climbing ylang-ylang | lanalana |
Arthrostema ciliatum (Melastomataceae) | arthrostemma | Arthrostemma latifolia, Arthrostemma fragile |
Asparagus densiflorus (Liliaceae) | asparagus fern | sprengeri fern, foxtail asparagus, Asparagus sprengeri Regel |
Asparagus setaceus (Liliaceae) | climbing asparagus fern | plumosa, Asparagus plumosus Baker, Protasparagus plumosus |
Azolla (all species) (Azollaceae) | mosquito fern | ferny azolla |
Buddleja davidii (Buddlejaceae) | orange-eyed butterfly bush | summer lilac, buddleia |
Buddleja madagascariensis (Buddlejaceae) | butterfly bush | smoke bush, buddleia |
Carmona retusa (Boraginaceae) | Fukien tea | Philippine tea, Carmona microphylla, Ehretia buxifolia, Ehretia microphylla |
Casuarina (all species) (Casuarinaceae) | ironwood | Australian pine, she-oak, beefwood, toa |
Cestrum diurnum (Solanaceae) | day cestrum | makahala, Chinese inkberry |
Cestrum nocturnum (Solanaceae) | night cestrum | night-blooming jasmine, 'Ala-aumoe, kupaoa, onaona-iapana |
Chrysophyllum oliviforme (Sapotaceae) | satin leaf | caimitillo; Chrysophyllum monopyrenum |
Cinnamomum burmannii (Lauraceae) | Padang cassia | cinnamon tree |
Cissus nodosa (Vitaceae) | grape ivy | |
Citharexylum caudatum (Verbenaceae) | fiddlewood | juniper berry |
Citharexylum spinosum (Verbenaceae) | fiddlewood | Citharexylum quadrangulare |
Clerodendrum buchanani (Verbenaceae) | pagoda flower | lau'awa, Clerodendrum fallax, C. speciosissimum |
Clerodendrum chinense (Verbenaceae) | glory bower | Clerodendrum philippinum, Clerodendrum fragrans |
Clerodendrum macrostegium (Verbenaceae) | (no common name) | |
Clusia rosea (Clusiaceae) | autograph tree | copey, Scotch attorney |
Coccinia grandis (Cucurbitaceae) | ivy gourd | scarlet-fruited gourd |
Conocarpus erectus (Combretaceae) | buttonwood | sea mulberry, button mangrove |
Cortaderia jubata and Cortaderia selloana (Poaceae) | pampas grass | |
Cotoneaster pannosus (Rosaceae) | cotoneaster | |
Cryptostegia (all species) (Asclepidaceae) | rubber vine, India rubber vine | (includes Cryptostegia grandiflora and Cryptostegia madagascariensis) |
Cupaniopsis anacardioides (Sapindaceae) | carrotwood | |
Delairea odorata (Asteraceae) | German ivy | Senecio mikanioides, Italian ivy, African ivy, Cape ivy, climbing groundsel |
Dillenia suffruticosa (Dilleniaceae) | shrubby simpoh | |
Duranta erecta (Verbenaceae) | golden dewdrop | duranta, pigeon berry, Duranta repens |
Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae) | water hyacinth | |
Elaeagnus umbellata (Elaeagnaceae) | oleaster | autumn olive |
Erigeron karvinskianus (Asteraceae) | daisy fleabane | Mexican daisy |
Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) | loquat | Japanese medlar |
Ficus cf. platypoda (Moraceae) | Port Jackson fig (local name) | (this plant is commonly referred to in Hawaii incorrectly as Ficus rubiginosa) |
Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) | Chinese banyan | Malayan banyan, Ficus retusa, Ficus nitida |
Fuchsia boliviana (Onagraceae) | fuchsia | lady's eardrops |
Fuchsia magellanica (Onagraceae) | hardy fuchsia | lady's eardrops, earring flower, kulapepeiao |
Fuchsia paniculata (Onagraceae) | fuchsia | Lady's eardrops |
Furcraea foetida (Agavaceae) | Mauritius hemp | maguey, Furcraea gigantea |
Grevillea robusta (Proteaceae) | silk oak | she oak, he oak, silver oak, kahili flower, spider flower, ha'iku-ke'oke'o |
Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae) | white ginger | butterfly lily, ginger lily, garland flower, 'awapuhi-ke'oke'o |
Hedychium flavescens (Zingiberaceae) | yellow ginger | cream ginger, 'awapuhi-melemele |
Hedychium gardnerianum (Zingiberaceae) | kahili ginger | |
Heterocentron subtriplinervium (Melastomataceae) | pearl flower | |
Hiptage benghalensis (Malpighiaceae) | hiptage | |
Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae) | hydrilla | water thyme, Florida elodea |
Jasminum fluminense (Oleaceae) | jasmine | Jasminum azoricum |
Kalanchoe delagoensis (Crassulaceae) | chandelier plant | Kalanchoƫ tubiflora, Bryophyllum tubiflorum, Kalanchoe verticillata |
Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) | air plant | life plant, 'oliwa ku kahakai, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Cotyledon pinnata |
Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) | lantana | lakana, mikinolia-hihiu, sage |
Lemna (all species) (Lemnaceae) | duckweed | |
Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) | New Zealand tea | manuka |
Ligustrum lucidum (Oleaceae) | tree privet | broadleaf privet |
Ligustrum sinense (Oleaceae) | Chinese privet | hedge privet, small-leaved privet |
Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae) | Japanese honeysuckle | honekakala |
Medinilla cumingii (Melastomataceae) | medinilla | |
Medinilla venosa (Melastomataceae) | medinilla | |
Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) | paperbark | cajeput tree |
Melastoma candidum (Melastomataceae) | Indian rhododendron | Melastoma malabathricum, Malabar melastome |
Melastoma sanguineum (Melastomataceae) | fox-tongued melastoma | |
Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) | Chinaberry | pride-of-India, margosa tree |
Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae) | miconia | velvet tree, purple plague |
Montanoa hibiscifolia (Asteraceae) | tree daisy | |
Najas (all species) (Najadaceae) | naiad | pondweed |
Nymphaea (all species) (Nymphaceae) | water lily | |
Ochna thomasiana (Ochnaceae) | Mickey Mouse plant | ochna, Ochna kirkii |
Olea europaea (Oleaceae) | olive | 'oliwa |
Passiflora laurifolia (Passifloraceae) | yellow granadilla | yellow water lemon, bell apple |
Pennisetum setaceum (Poaceae) | fountain grass | Pennisetum ruppelii |
Philadelphus karwinskyanus (Hydrangeaceae) | mock orange | philadelphus, syringa |
Photinia davidiana (Rosaceae) | photinia | Stranvaesia davidiana, Cotoneaster frigidus |
Pimenta dioica (Myrtaceae) | allspice | Pimenta officinalis |
Pimenta racemosa (Myrtaceae) | bay-rum | malagueta, bay tree, Pimenta acris |
Pinus patula (Pinaceae) | Mexican weeping pine | jelecote pine, patula pine, pino triste |
Pistia stratiotes (Araceae) | water lettuce | |
Pittosporum pentandrum (Pittosporaceae) | mamalis | |
Pittosporum undulatum (Pittosporaceae) | Victorian box | Victorian laurel, orange pittosporum |
Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pittosporaceae) | Cape pittosporum | |
Platycerium bifurcatum (Polypodiaceae) | elkhorn fern | common staghorn fern |
Psidium cattleianum (Myrtaceae) | strawberry guava | waiawi-'ula'ula |
Pyracantha angustifolia (Rosaceae) | firethorn | |
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae) | rose myrtle | downy myrtle |
Rubus (all species) (Rosaceae) | blackberry, raspberry | thimbleberry, brambles, 'ohelo 'ele 'ele |
Ruellia devosiana (Acanthaceae) | Ruellia | |
Salvinia (all species) (Salviniaceae) | floating fern | |
Schefflera actinophylla (Araliaceae) | octopus tree | Brassaia actinophylla, umbrella tree |
Schinus molle (Anacardiaceae) | pepper tree | California pepper tree |
Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) | Christmas berry | Brazilian pepper, wilelaiki, nani-o-hilo |
Solandra maxima (Solanaceae) | cup-of-gold | golden cup, chalice vine |
Spathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae) | African tulip tree | fountain tree, fire bell |
Sphaeropteris cooperi (Cyatheaceae) | Australian treefern | Cyathea cooperi |
Sphagneticola trilobata (Asteraceae) | wedelia | Wedelia trilobata |
Stapelia gigantea (Asclepiadaceae) | carrion flower | starfish flower, Zulu-giant, giant toad plant |
Tamarix (all species) (Tamaricaceae) | ? | |
Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae) | tropical almond | Indian almond, false kamani, kamani-haole |
Tetrazygia bicolor (Melastomataceae) | (no common name) | |
Thunbergia grandiflora (Acanthaceae) | Bengal trumpet | blue trumpet vine, large-flowered thunbergia |
Thunbergia laurifolia (Acanthaceae) | laurel-leaved thunbergia | |
Tibouchina herbacea (Melastomataceae) | cane tibouchina | glorybush |
Tibouchina urvilleana (Melastomataceae) | glorybush | princess flower, lasiandra |
Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae) | common mullein | woolly mullein, velvet plant |