Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia

Scientific name: Novirhabdovirus sp. (Family Rhabdoviridae)

Common names: Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, Egtved virus

Native To: Europe, the Pacific Ocean, and the Atlantic coast of North America

Date of U.S. Introduction: Present in the Great Lakes since 2003

Images: Google

Means of Introduction: Great Lakes strain possibly introduced from ballast water or migratory fishes on the Atlantic coast

Impact: Lethal to at least 50 species of freshwater and saltwater fish

Current U.S. Distribution: Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River (NAS Database map)

Federal Order: Implementation of Rule on Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Delayed Indefinitely (Jan 2, 2009)

Management Plans: Microbes / Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia

Selected Internet Resources:

• Federal Government
• State Government
• University/Academic
• International
• Organizations

Federal Government

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
USDA. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Photographs; Controls; Legal Aspects; Special Note: USDA Amends Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia-Susceptible
Species List (Nov 2007; PDF | 59 KB)

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Article Citation Search - AGRICOLA Database
USDA. National Agricultural Library.
Research; Special Note: NAL Catalog Search (resources)

Novirhabdovirus sp. (Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia - VHS) Factsheet
DOC. NOAA. National Center for Research on Aquatic Invasive Species.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Special Note: Bibliography

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
DOI. NPS. Apostle Islands National Lakeshore.
Impacts; Controls; Special Note: Emergency Prevention and Response Plan for Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (Mar 14, 2008; PDF | 2.08 MB)

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database
DOI. USGS. Southeast Ecological Science Center.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Special Note: Distribution maps and collection information (State and County)

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia of Fishes
DOI. USGS. Leetown Science Center.
Identification/Description; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography

Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus in the Great Lakes Region (Jan 11, 2008; PDF | 698 KB)
DOI. USGS. Western Fisheries Research Center.
Introduction History

National Fish Hatchery System Addressing VHS
DOI. FWS. National Fish Hatchery System.
Identification/Description; Impacts

State Government

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) - Keep Our Waters Great! Don't Dump Your Bait!
Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment.
Taxonomy; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

2008 Policy Fact Sheet: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) Fish Health Initiative (Feb 11, 2008; PDF | 114 KB)
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
Impacts; Controls; Legal Aspects

Fish Diseases: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS)
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
Photographs; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in New York
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Legal Aspects

Aquaculture VHS Certification
Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Animal Health and Diagnostic Services.
Distribution; Controls; Legal Aspects

VHS: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (PDF | 1.14 MB)
Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Animal Health.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Legal Aspects

VHS and You: Keeping Wisconsin's Waters Healthy
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Controls; Legal Aspects

Sardine Disease: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (2004; PDF | 144 KB)
California Sea Grant College Program.
Photographs; Impacts

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia and Spring Viremia of Carp: Threats to Aquaculture (PDF | 1.16 MB)
Cornell University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Aquatic Animal Health Program.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Illustrations; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (May 17, 2007; PDF | 102 KB)
Iowa State University. Center for Food Security and Public Health.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography

Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in the Great Lakes (PDF | 294 KB)
Michigan Sea Grant.
Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Controls

Important Questions and Answers on Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in Great Lakes Fish
University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute.
Impacts; Dispersion

International

Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (VHS) in Various Great Lakes Fish Species
Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts

Help Prevent the Spread of Fish Disease (May 2007; PDF | 118 KB)
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Canada).
Photographs; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

A Guide to Integrated Fish Health Management in the Great Lakes Basin: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia - Chapter 19 (June 2002; PDF | 26 KB) / Table of Contents
Great Lakes Fishery Commission.
Identification/Description; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography