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You are here: Home / Microbes / Species Profiles / Citrus Canker
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Species Profiles

Citrus Canker

Citrus canker - Invasive.orgScientific name: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri

Common names: Citrus canker, Citrus bacterial canker

Click image to enlarge

Citrus Canker; Movement of Fruit From Quarantined Areas - Proposed rule (Jun 30, 2009)
Regulations.gov.
APHIS is proposing to amend the citrus canker regulations to modify the conditions under which fruit may be moved interstate from q quarantined area. Under this proposed rule, APHIS would eliminate the requirement that each lot of finished fruit be inspected at the packinghouse and found to be free of visible symptoms of citrus canker, and APHIS would remove the current prohibition on the movement of fruit from a quarantined area to commercial citrus-producing States. APHIS would continue to require fruit moved interstate from a quarantined area to be treated with an approved disinfectant and be packed in a commercial packinghouse that operates under a compliance agreement. These proposed changes would relieve some restrictions on the interstate movement of fresh citrus fruit from quarantined areas while maintaining conditions that would prevent the artificial spread of citrus canker.
APHIS will consider all comments received on this docket no. APHIS-2009-0023 on or before Aug 31, 2009.

Native To: Believed to have originated in Southeast Asia

Date of U.S. Introduction: First discovered in 1910, but eradicated in 1931; another outbreak was discovered in 1986, and again in 1995

Images: Invasive.org and Google

Means of Introduction: First arrived in seedlings imported from Japan in 1910

Impact: Bacterial disease that infects citrus trees, where it destroys fruit and causes decreased production

Current U.S. Distribution: Central and Southern Florida

Management Plans: Microbes / Citrus Health

Selected Internet Resources:

Federal Government

Citrus Canker: Identification in the Field and in the Laboratory (Mar 2001; PDF | 46 KB)
U.S. Agency for International Development.
Identification/Description; Habitat; Distribution

Xanthomonas axonopodis Article Citation Search - AGRICOLA Database
USDA. National Agricultural Library.
Research; Special Note: NAL Catalog Search (resources)

Citrus Canker
USDA. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Photographs; Controls; Legal Aspects

Citrus Canker (Jul 1997; PDF | 10 KB)
USDA. APHIS. Plant Protection and Quarantine.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Habitat; Dispersion; Controls

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri - Indian River Lagoon Species Inventory
Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion

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State Government

Citrus Canker
Arizona Department of Agriculture.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Life Cycle; Distribution

Citrus Canker Program
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Plant Industry.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Legal Aspects

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University/Academic

Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease and Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening) (2007; PDF | 634 KB) - ANR Publication 8218
University of California. Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

Ex Ante Economics of Exotic Disease Policy: Citrus Canker in California (Dec 2000; PDF | 178 KB)
University of California at Davis. Agricultural Issues Center.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Legal Aspects

Asiatic Citrus Canker, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri
University of California - Riverside. Center for Invasive Species Research.
Photographs; Impacts; Habitat; Distribution

The Costs and Benefits Associated with Eradicating Citrus Canker in Florida (Jul 2003; PDF | 478 KB)
University of Florida. Food and Resource Economics.
Introduction History; Impacts; Dispersion; Controls; Legal Aspects

A Citrus Canker Fact Sheet for Homeowners
University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.

Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Dispersion; Controls

2010 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide: Citrus Canker
University of Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.
Identification/Description; Life Cycle; Dispersion; Controls

Field Identification of Citrus Canker Symptoms and Decontamination Procedures
University of Florida. IFAS. Southwest Florida Research and Education Center.
Identification/Description; Photographs

A Concise History of Citrus and Citrus Canker in Texas (PDF | 552 KB)
Texas A&M University Kingsville. Citrus Center.
Introduction History; Distribution

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International

Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (PDF | 54 KB)
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Impacts; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls; Special Note: Bibliography

Citrus Canker (PDF | 45 KB)
Government of Jamaica. Ministry of Agriculture.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Distribution; Dispersion

Citrus canker
New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Biosecurity New Zealand.
Identification/Description; Impacts; Distribution; Controls

Citrus canker (canker A)
Pests and Diseases Image Library (Australia).
Identification/Description; Photographs

Citrus bacterial canker - Pest Alert No. 22 (Aug 2000; PDF | 183 KB)
Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Plant Protection Service.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Distribution

Citrus canker, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri: Exotic threat to Western Australia (2004; PDF | 99 KB)
Western Australia Department of Agriculture and Food.
Photographs; Impacts; Distribution

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (micro-organism) - ISSG Global Invasive Species Database
World Conservation Union. Invasive Species Specialist Group.
Taxonomy; Identification/Description; Photographs; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

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Organizations

Citrus Canker: The Pathogen and Its Impact (Aug 2002)
American Phytopathological Society.
Identification/Description; Photographs; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Legal Aspects

Citrus canker
Invasive.org.
Photographs

Citrus canker - A review (2003; PDF | 311 KB)
Journal of Applied Horticulture.
Identification/Description; Introduction History; Impacts; Life Cycle; Habitat; Distribution; Dispersion; Controls

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Last Modified: Mar 10, 2011
 
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