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Federal Laws: Privacy and Information Security

Driver’s Privacy Protection Act of 1994
This law puts limits on disclosures of personal information in records maintained by departments of motor vehicles.

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974
This law puts limits on disclosure of educational records maintained by agencies and institutions that receive federal funding.

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (to be codified in relevant part at 15 U.S.C. §§ 6801-6809) Title V, subtitle A, of this Act, Pub. L. No. 106-102, §§ 501-510, 113 Stat. 1338, 1436-45 (Nov. 12, 1999) requires the FTC, along with the Federal banking agencies, the National Credit Union Administration, the Treasury Department, and the Securities and Exchange Commission, to issue regulations (to be codified at 16 CFR Part 313) ensuring that financial institutions protect the privacy of consumers' personal financial information. Such institutions must develop and give notice of their privacy policies to their own customers at least annually, and before disclosing any consumer's personal financial information to a nonaffiliated third party, must give notice and an opportunity for that consumer to "opt out" from such disclosure.

Health Information Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996, Information, Final Rule - 45 CFR parts 160 and 164
The privacy rule regulates the security and confidentiality of patient information. It took effect on April 14, 2001, with most covered entities (health plans, health care clearinghouse and health care providers who conduct certain financial and administrative transactions electronically) having until April 2003 to comply.

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