The male condom is a thin sheath usually made of rubber (latex) that is placed on an erect penis before intercourse. It is the only method of contraception that also provides protection from STIs, including HIV.
How do male condoms work? (mechanism of action)
Condoms serve as a physical barrier, preventing sperm from entering the female reproductive tract. They also serve as a barrier for infectious microorganisms, preventing transmission of STIs/HIV from one sexual partner to another.
Who can use condoms?
Men and women at risk of STIs/HIV
Men and women of any reproductive age and parity who want to use condoms as a regular method of contraception
Men and women needing a temporary method (back-up method) while waiting for a regular one
Men and women who have intercourse infrequently
Advantages
Safe
Readily available in most places
Prevent both pregnancy and STIs/HIV (when used consistently and correctly)
Easy to initiate and discontinue
Immediate return to fertility
Have virtually no side effects (except rare allergy to latex)
Disadvantages
Not as effective as other methods in typical use
Require motivation to use consistently and correctly
Require partner's cooperation
Require re-supply
May interrupt sexual activity or reduce sexual pleasure
Require proper storage and re-supply
Follow-up and counseling
Counsel about:
Correct and consistent use
Common problems in use and how to overcome those
Use of emergency contraception as a back-up method for pregnancy prevention in case condom was not used or breaks/slips
Assess client's risk for STIs/HIV and discuss need of condom use for disease prevention.
