Sufenta  

(Other name for: sufentanil citrate)

sufentanil citrate  

The citrate salt form of sufentanil, a synthetic congener of fentanyl and related to the phenylpieridines, with analgesic property. Sufentanil citrate binds to and activates the mu-opioid receptor, thereby producing analgesia, respiratory depression, miosis, reduced gastrointestinal motility, and euphoria. In addition, this agent has a more rapid onset of action and shorter duration of action compared to fentanyl. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

sufentanil transdermal system  

A transdermal matrix patch formulation containing the synthetic opioid sufentanil with analgesic activity. Sufentanil binds to and activates the mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), thereby mimicking the effects of the endogenous opioids. Binding of sufentanil to opioid receptors stimulates exchange of GTP for GDP, inhibits adenylate cyclase, and decreases intracellular cAMP. This inhibits the release of various nociceptive neurotransmitters, such as substance P, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine, acetylcholine, noradrenaline, vasopressin, and somatostatin. In addition, sufentanil closes N-type voltage-gated calcium channels and opens calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels, which results in hyperpolarization of neuronal membranes and a reduction in neuronal excitability, and, subsequently, analgesia and sedation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Sufortan  

(Other name for: penicillamine)

Sulfamethoprim  

(Other name for: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)

sulfasalazine  

A synthetic salicylic acid derivative with affinity for connective tissues containing elastin and formulated as a prodrug, antiinflammatory sulfasalazine acts locally in the intestine through its active metabolites, sulfamide 5-aminosalicylic acid and salicylic acid, by a mechanism that is not clear. It appears inhibit cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin production and is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Sulfatrim  

(Other name for: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)

sulforaphane  

A naturally-occurring phytochemical belonging to the class of isothiocyanates. As the aglycone metabolite of glucosinolate glucoraphanin (sulforaphane glucosinolate), sulforaphane acts as an antioxidant and potent stimulator of endogenous detoxifying enzymes. This agent displays anticarcinogenic properties due to its ability to induce phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase, thereby providing protection against certain carcinogens and toxic, reactive oxygen species. Broccoli sprouts contain large amounts of sulforaphane, which is also found in other cruciferous vegetables including cabbage and kale. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

sulindac  

A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Converted in vivo to an active metabolite, sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), blocks cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway; this inhibition permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Sulmeprim  

(Other name for: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)

sulofenur  

A diarylsulfonylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Sulofenur's antineoplastic mechanism of action is unknown. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Summicort  

(Other name for: methylprednisolone)

sunitinib malate  

The orally bioavailable malate salt of an indolinone-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Supect  

(Other name for: radotinib hydrochloride)

supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse  

An aqueous oral rinse composed of an electrolyte solution supersaturated with phosphate and calcium ions with antimucositis and analgesic activities. This solution may help relieve mucositis and mucositis-induced pain by restoring the natural electrolyte and pH balance of human saliva and lubricating mucosal tissues of the mouth, tongue and oropharynx. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Supprelin  

(Other name for: histrelin acetate)

Suprane  

(Other name for: desflurane)

Suprax  

(Other name for: cefixime)

suramin  

A polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

survivin antigen  

A tumor-associated antigen. Vaccination with survivin antigen may result in a cytotoxic T-cell response against survivin antigen-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Overexpressed in many tumors, endogenous survivin inhibits tumor cell apoptosis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

survivin antigen vaccine DPX-Survivac  

A lipid depot-based therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of survivin epitopes, a universal T Helper peptide and a polynucleotide adjuvant encapsulated in liposomes and then formulated in the hydrophobic carrier Montanide ISA51 VG, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon injection of the survivin antigen vaccine DPX-Survivac, a depot is created at the injection site from which the antigens and adjuvant are released. This vaccine may elicit a long lasting cellular response against survivin-expressing cancers, resulting in a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and an induction of tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

survivin mRNA antagonist EZN-3042  

A locked nucleic acid (LNA) antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. EZN-3042 hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein and inhibiting survivin-induced anti-apoptotic activity and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in survivin-overexpressing tumor cells. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy. LNAs contain a methylene bridge linking 2'-oxygen and 4'-carbon of ribose sugar rings, thereby increasing their stability and decreasing degradation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

survivin Sur1M2 peptide vaccine  

A modified recombinant nonapeptide (LMLGEFLKL) derived from the anti-apoptosis protein survivin with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, survivin Sur1M2 peptide vaccine may elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against survivin-expressing cancers, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. The survivin protein inhibits caspase activation and apoptosis; it is undetectable in normal adult tissues but is expressed by several human cancers including lung, colon, breast, pancreas, and prostate cancer as well as hematopoietic malignancies and skin cancers. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Sustiva  

(Other name for: efavirenz)

Sutent  

(Other name for: sunitinib malate)

SVN53-67/M57-KLH peptide vaccine  

A peptide vaccine containing a 15-mer peptide (DLAQMFFCFKELEGW), with C to M alteration at amino acid position 57, derived from the anti-apoptosis protein survivin, and conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of SVN53-67/M57-KLH peptide vaccine, this peptide is able to bind both HMC class I and II molecules and may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) as well as a T-helper cell response against survivin-expressing cancer cells. This may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and ultimately tumor cell death. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, expressed during embryonic development while absent in most normal adult cells, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, decreased survival, and increased resistance to chemotherapy. KLH may enhance immune recognition and may promote an enhanced response. As SVN53-67 is weakly immunogenic in humans, the M57 alteration may lead to greater affinity towards HLA-A*0201 and thus an enhanced antitumor immune response. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Sylatron  

(Other name for: PEG-interferon alfa-2b)

Symadine  

(Other name for: amantadine hydrochloride)

Symbicort  

(Other name for: budesonide/formoterol fumarate dihydrate inhalation aerosol)

Symmetrel  

(Other name for: amantadine hydrochloride)

synbiotic supplement  

A nutritional supplement comprised of prebiotic and probiotic ingredients, with potential immunomodulating and gastrointestinal (GI) flora-restoring activity. Upon ingestion of the synbiotic supplement, the prebiotics and probiotics work synergistically in the GI tract, thereby modulating the GI flora ecosystem and may improve the functions of the intestinal barrier. In addition, synbiotics may have a beneficial effect on the immune system. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Synestrin  

(Other name for: diethylstilbestrol)

Synovir  

(Other name for: thalidomide)

synthetic brain tumor peptides-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine  

A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with synthetic brain tumor peptides with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, synthetic brain tumor peptides-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)l and antibody responses against glioma tumor cells, resulting in glioma tumor cell lysis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic breast cancer peptides-tetanus toxoid-Montanide ISA-51 vaccine  

A cancer vaccine comprised of multiple synthetic breast cancer peptides and the adjuvant tetanus toxoid helper peptide emulsified in the adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 with immunopotentiation activity. Vaccination with this cancer vaccine may elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against breast cancer cells. Synthetic breast cancer peptides may stimulate the immune response against cells that produce breast cancer markers such as erbB2 (HER2/neu) while tetanus toxoid helper peptide binds to class II MHC molecules as a nonspecific vaccine helper epitope, resulting in a long-term immunopotentiation by increasing the helper T-cell response. Montanide ISA-51, also known as incomplete Freund's adjuvant or IFA, is a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion adjuvant containing mineral oil with mannide oleate added as a surfactant that non-specifically stimulates cell-mediated immune responses to antigens. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic breast cancer peptides-tetanus toxoid-poly ICLC vaccine  

A cancer vaccine comprised of nine class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted breast cancer associated peptides, the tetanus toxoid helper peptide and the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly ICLC, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The nine peptides derived from six cancer associated proteins are epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and four cancer/testis antigens (CTAs: MAGE-A1, -A3, -A10, and NY-ESO-1). Vaccination with this vaccine may elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells overexpressing these tumor associated antigens TAAs). As a nonspecific T-helper epitope, tetanus toxoid helper peptide binds to class II MHC and results in long-term immunopotentiation by increasing the helper T-cell response. Poly ICLC, the double-stranded RNA molecules of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with poly L-lysine in carboxymethylcellulose, binds to TLR3 and induces the release of cytokines which may help boost the immune response against the TAAs. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic colorectal tumor-associated peptides vaccine IMA910  

A synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP)-based cancer vaccine directed against colorectal cancer with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Synthetic colorectal tumor-associated peptides vaccine IMA910 contains 13 different synthetic tumor-associated peptides (TUMAPs), each of which represents a tumor associated antigen (TAA) specific for colorectal cancer. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against colorectal tumors expressing these TAAs, which may result in a reduction in colorectal tumor cell proliferation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic human papillomavirus 16 E6 peptide  

A synthetic peptide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E6. The E6 oncoprotein is implicated in the tumorigenesis of cervical carcinoma. Vaccination with HPV 16 E6 peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the E6 oncoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic human secretin  

A synthetic human therapeutic agent which is chemically identical or similar to endogenous secretin, a peptide hormone found in the mucosal S-cells of the proximal small intestine. Secretin stimulates the pancreatic acinar cells and ductal epithelial cells to emit bicarbonate rich digestive fluids, thereby increases duodenal bicarbonate level. Bicarbonate neutralizes acidity of the intestines, consequently increasing the pH and facilitating the action of intestinal digestive enzymes. In addition, secretin stimulates the stomach and the liver to produce pepsin and bile, respectively. Both pepsin and bile aide the digestive action of the duodenum, which resulting in the prevention of gastric inflammation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic melanoma-associated antigens vaccine  

A cancer vaccine containing synthetic epitope peptides derived from melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including melanoma-melanocyte antigen gp100(280-288), melanoma-associated antigen tyrosinase(1-9), and melanoma-associated antigen melan-A(27-35). Upon administration, synthetic melanoma-associated antigens vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response against melanoma cells that express TAAs which share epitopes with the vaccine epitope peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic peptide-based erythropoiesis stimulating agent  

A synthetic, non-recombinant, pegylated, peptidic erythropoiesis stimulating agent. Synthetic peptide-based erythropoiesis stimulating agent binds to and activates the erythropoietin (EPO) receptor on erythroid progenitor cells, thereby inducing their proliferation and differentiation into mature erythrocytes. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

synthetic peptides E-PRA and E-PSM vaccine  

A cancer vaccine consisting of E-PRA and E-PSM, two synthetic peptide analogs of PRAME (PReferential Antigen MElanoma) and PSMA (Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon direct administration into lymph nodes, synthetic peptides E-PRA and E-PSM vaccine may sitmulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PRAME- and PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PRAME and PSMA are tumor-associated antigens upregulated and expressed on the cell surfaces of certain tumor cell types. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Synthoestrin  

(Other name for: diethylstilbestrol)

Synthroid  

(Other name for: levothyroxine sodium)

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