The National Academy of Sciences was established by an Act of Congress in 1863, which calls upon it to "investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science or art" whenever called upon to do so by any department of the Government. The organization has since expanded to include the National Research Council, the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine - known collectively as The National Academies. Many members of the Intramural Research Program (IRP) have been elected to The National Academies.
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering