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Diet and Fitness Newsletter
October 1, 2012
In this Issue
• Antioxidants May Lower Risk of Heart Attack in Women: Study
• Working Out Cuts Women's Appetite, Study Finds
• Cooking-Oil Combo May Improve Blood Pressure
• Health Tip: Exercise to Combat Stress



Antioxidants May Lower Risk of Heart Attack in Women: Study

Fruits and vegetables particularly good sources of the substances

THURSDAY, Sept. 27 (HealthDay News) -- A diet rich in antioxidants -- especially from fruits and vegetables -- can reduce the risk of heart attack in women, researchers report.

The new study included more than 32,500 Swedish women, aged 49 to 83, who filled out a questionnaire about their eating habits. During 10 years of follow up, more than 1,100 of the women suffered a heart attack.

Women with the highest antioxidant levels had a 20 percent lower risk of heart attack. These women consumed almost seven servings per day of fruits and vegetables, which was nearly three times more than the 2.4 daily servings consumed by those with the lowest antioxidant levels.

The study is published in the October issue of The American Journal of Medicine.

"Our study was the first to look at the effect of all dietary antioxidants in relation to [heart attack]," lead investigator Alicja Wolk, of the nutritional epidemiology division at Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, said in a journal news release.

There are numerous types of weight-loss diets, but those that emphasize increased consumption of fruits and vegetables may be the most effective, journal managing editor Pamela Powers Hannley wrote in an accompanying commentary.

"Yet only 14 percent of American adults and 9.5 percent of adolescents eat five or more servings of fruits or vegetables a day," she noted.

Although the research found an association between increased consumption of antioxidants and a lowered risk of heart attack, it did not prove the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship.

More information

The U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has more about women and heart disease.




Working Out Cuts Women's Appetite, Study Finds

Regardless of weight, participants didn't consume more to 'make up' for calories burned

TUESDAY, Sept. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Exercise reduces people's motivation to eat, according to a small new study that found just 45 minutes of brisk walking lowers the brain's response to food that day, regardless of a person's body weight.

"This study provides evidence that exercise not only affects energy output, but it also may affect how people respond to food cues," said Brigham Young University professor James LeCheminant in a university news release.

In conducting the study, researchers led by Bliss Hanlon, a former BYU graduate student, measured the brain activity of 18 normal-weight women and 17 obese women as they looked at 120 pictures of food. Women were also shown 120 pictures of flowers to serve as a "control" or comparison.

The brain measurements were taken twice. The first assessment occurred one hour after the women walked briskly on a treadmill for 45 minutes. One week later, the researchers measured the women's brain activity again on a morning free of exercise. On both days, the women tracked their food intake and physical activity.

Women had less interest in food following a workout, the researchers found. They also noted the women did not eat more on the day they exercised to "make up" for the calories they burned.

"We wanted to see if obesity influenced food motivation, but it didn't," LeCheminant said. "However, it was clear that the exercise bout was playing a role in their neural responses to the pictures of food."

The researchers said that more research is needed to determine how long the reduction in motivation for food lasts following a workout, particularly if people engage in long-term exercise regimens.

The study was published online and in the October issue of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.

More information

The U.S. National Library of Medicine has more about exercise and physical fitness.




Cooking-Oil Combo May Improve Blood Pressure

Mixture of sesame and rice bran oils has heart-healthy effects, preliminary study suggests

WEDNESDAY, Sept. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Reinforcing the role nutrition plays in heart health, new research suggests that cooking with a combination of sesame oil and rice bran oil can lower mild to moderately high blood pressure.

A small study conducted in New Delhi, India, found that hypertensive adults who added roughly 1.25 ounces of a rice bran/sesame oil mixture to their daily diet experienced a drop in blood pressure nearly equivalent to that experienced by those taking a standard calcium-channel blocker blood pressure medication alone.

And those who consumed both the oil mixture and their blood pressure medication saw a blood pressure drop more than twice that of those taking the drug alone.

The oil combination also seemed to lower so-called "bad" (LDL) cholesterol and raise "good" (HDL) cholesterol, the researchers reported. This cholesterol profile improvement was not found among those taking a medication alone.

"We had previously reported that sesame oil by itself has a strong impact on blood pressure," said study lead author Dr. Devarajan Sankar, a research scientist in the department of cardiovascular disease at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital in Chikushino, Japan. They found that sesame oil has a calcium-channel-blocking effect similar to that of calcium-channel-blocker drugs, he said.

"But now, we found that when sesame oil is combined with rice bran oil, the two together have a remarkable synergistic effect on high blood pressure," he said.

The researchers believe this effect is mainly due to antioxidants -- sesamin, sesamol and sesamolin in sesame oil, and oryzanol in rice bran oil. Both oils also contain unsaturated fatty acids -- "what we used to call 'good fats,'" Sankar said.

It's too soon, however, to recommend that anyone forgo their prescribed medication in favor of this cooking-oil combination. The study is preliminary and far more research is needed to prove the findings are valid and ready to benefit patients, experts cautioned.

Sankar and his colleagues are scheduled to report their findings Wednesday in Washington, D.C., at a meeting of the American Heart Association.

The two-month study included 160 men and 140 women with an average age 57 who had high blood pressure. They were divided into three groups: one taking the calcium-channel-blocker medication nifedipine; a second group adding a specially designed (and not commercially available) oil blend to their cooking and salads that included 80 percent physically refined high oryzanol rice bran oil and 20 percent unrefined sesame oil; and a third group that consumed both nifedipine and the oil mix.

After checking blood pressure levels every 15 days, the team found that all patients experienced sizable drops in systolic blood pressure (the top number of a blood pressure reading) and diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number).

But those taking both the oil mix and medication fared best. Systolic readings fell 14 and 16 points among those taking the drug alone and oil alone, respectively, but they plunged 36 points among those taking both.

Similarly, diastolic readings fell 11 and 12 points among those taking the drug alone and oil alone, respectively, while the combination group saw a 24-point drop.

Those taking the oil mixture alone or alongside the channel-blocker medication saw a 26 percent to 27 percent drop in bad cholesterol and a 9.5 percent to 10.9 percent rise in good cholesterol.

Sankar said his team plans to explore how the same oil mixture stacks up against other blood pressure medications, such as beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors.

Registered dietitian Lona Sandon, assistant professor of clinical nutrition at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, said the study "shows the potential power of food and food components."

Findings like these are important, Sandon noted, especially in light of reports from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding people whose high blood pressure isn't controlled by medication. High blood pressure is a leading cause of stroke.

Still, "while this is very interesting and promising research, [it] has to be looked at further," she said.

Dr. Gregg Fonarow, a spokesman for the American Heart Association and professor of cardiology at the University of California, Los Angeles, agreed.

"While it has been well-documented that diet can impact blood pressure, the lowering seen here is way out of proportion to what one might expect," he said. "One problem could be the study design, in which all the patients knew exactly what they were being given, which gives a little pause as to what these findings may mean."

"I would be cautious with any interpretation of these results, and I would certainly like to see them replicated independently," he added.

Data and conclusions presented at meetings should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.

More information

For more on high blood pressure, visit the American Heart Association  External Links Disclaimer Logo.




Health Tip: Exercise to Combat Stress

It will help you feel better

(HealthDay News) -- Exercise helps more than just your physical well-being, experts say.

Plain and simple, says the American Council on Exercise, exercise makes you feel better. The council offers these potential examples:

  • Exercise can help reduce anxiety and help you feel less jittery.
  • Exercise can boost your mood and help you feel more relaxed.
  • Exercise can improve your self-esteem.
  • Exercise can promote making healthier food choices.

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