PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM THE 1997 NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY ON DRUG ABUSE

• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• PUBLIC DOMAIN NOTICE
• OBTAINING ADDITIONAL COPIES OF PUBLICATION
• ELECTRONIC ACCESS TO PUBLICATION
• ORIGINATING OFFICE
• HIGHLIGHTS
  • Illicit Drug Use
  • Alcohol Use
  • Cigarette Use
  • Trends in New Use of Substances (Incidence)
  • Perceived Risk and Availability of Drugs
  • Drug Use in California and Arizona
• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • Summary of NHSDA Methodology
  • Revised Methodology and Adjustment of 1979-93 Estimates
  • Format of the Report and Explanation of Tables
  • Other NHSDA Reports
• 2. ANY ILLICIT DRUG USE
  • Age
  • Race/ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Region/Urbanicity
  • Education
  • Employment
• 3. MARIJUANA AND HASHISH USE
• 4. COCAINE USE
  • Race/Ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Region/Urbanicity
  • Education
  • Employment
• 5. OTHER ILLICIT DRUG USE
• 6. ALCOHOL USE
  • Age
  • Race/ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Region/Urbanicity
  • Education
• 7. TOBACCO USE
  • Race/ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Region/Urbanicity
• 8. TRENDS IN INITIATION OF DRUG USE
  • Marijuana
  • Heroin
  • Cocaine and Crack Cocaine
  • Hallucinogens
  • Inhalants
  • Cigarettes
  • Alcohol
• 9. WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE
• 10. PERCEIVED RISK OF HARM AND OTHER MEASURES
• 11. CALIFORNIA AND ARIZONA
  • Prevalence and Perceived Risk of Drug Use in California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.
  • California Trends in Drug Use and Perceived Risk, 1994-1997
• 12. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
• APPENDIX 1: DESCRIPTION OF THE SURVEY
  • I. Sample Design
  • II. Data Collection Methodology
  • III. Data Processing
• APPENDIX 2: LIMITATIONS OF THE DATA
  • I. Target Population
  • II. Sampling Error and Statistical Significance
  • III. Nonsampling Error
  • IV. Estimation of Heavy Drug Use
• V.Adjustment of 1979-1993 NHSDA Estimates to Account for the New Survey Methodology Used in the 1994 and Later NHSDAS
  • Ratio Adjustment
  • Model-Based Adjustment
• APPENDIX 3: OTHER SOURCES OF DATA
  • I. Other National Surveys of Illicit Drug Use
  • Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)
  • National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health)
  • Partnership Attitude Tracking Study (PATS)
  • National Pregnancy and Health Survey (NPHS)
• II. Alcohol and Cigarette Use Surveys
  • National Health Interview Survey Year 2000 Objectives (NHIS-2000)
  • Monitoring the Future (MTF)
  • Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)
  • Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health
  • National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health)
  • National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES)
• III. Surveys of Populations Not Covered by the NHSDA
  • Partnership Attitude Tracking Study (PATS)
  • Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area Drug Study (DC*MADS)
  • Worldwide Survey of Substance Abuse and Health Behaviors Among Military Personnel
  • Survey of Inmates of Local Jails and Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities
  • Uniform Crime Reporting System
• APPENDIX 4: REFERENCES
• APPENDIX 5: DETAILED TABLES
  • Table 1A.Estimated Numbers of Persons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 1N.Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 2A.Estimated Numbers of Persons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 2N.Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 3A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Lifetime Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 3B.Percentages Reporting Lifetime Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 4A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Year Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 4B.Percentages Reporting Past Year Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 5A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 5B.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1997
  • Table 6.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 7.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 8.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 18 to 25: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 9.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 26 to 34: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 10.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 35 and Older: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 11.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 12.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Marijuana, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 13.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cocaine, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 14.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Alcohol, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 15.Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 16.Percentages Reporting Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 17.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cigarettes, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1997
  • Table 18A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Marijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Users in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past Year Frequency of Use: 1985-1997
  • Table 18B.Percentages Reporting Marijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Use in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past Year Frequency of Use: 1985-1997
  • Table 19.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 20.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 21.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cocaine, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 22.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Alcohol, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 23.Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 24.Percentages Reporting Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 25.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cigarettes, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 26.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 27.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Marijuana, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 28.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Cocaine, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 29.Percentages Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use, Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 30.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Cigarettes, by Detailed Age Categories: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 31A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population of Females Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Parental Status: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples
  • Table 31B.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population of Females Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Parental Status: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples
  • Table 32.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug in the U.S. Population of Females Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Characteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples
  • Table 33.Percentages Reporting Past Month Alcohol Use, Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, and Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use in the U.S. Population of Females Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Characteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples
  • Table 34.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Cigarettes in the U.S. Population of Females Aged 15 to 44, by Pregnancy Status and Demographic Characteristics: Annual Averages Based on 1996 and 1997 Samples
  • Table 35.Percentages of Past Month Users of Cigarettes or Alcohol in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco, by Levels of Past Month Cigarette and Alcohol Use: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 36.Percentages of Past Month Users of Cigarettes or Alcohol in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17 Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco, by Levels of Past Month Cigarette and Alcohol Use: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 37A.Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Lifetime Users of Specific Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Methamphetamine, Needles, and Heroin by Smoking or Sniffing/Snorting in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, By Age Group: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 37B.Percentages Reporting Lifetime Use of Specific Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Methamphetamine, Needles, and Heroin by Smoking or Sniffing/Snorting in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 38.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Marijuana During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 39.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Cocaine During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 40.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Any Inhalant During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 41.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Any Hallucinogen During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 42.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Heroin During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 43.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used Alcohol During Each Year 1965-1995, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 44.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who First Used A Cigarette During Each Year 1965-1995, Their Mean Age at First Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 45.Estimated Number (in Thousands) of Persons Who Began Daily Cigarette Use During Each Year 1965-1996, Their Mean Age at First Daily Use, and Annual Age-Specific Rates of First Daily Use (per 1000 Person-Years of Exposure), Based on 1994-1997 NHSDAs
  • Table 46.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1985-1997
  • Table 47.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the U.S. Population Aged 12 to 17: 1985-1997
  • Table 48.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 49.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 50.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 51.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Using Cocaine Once a Month, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 52.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Using Cocaine Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 53.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 54.Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1996 and 1997
  • Table 55.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4)
  • Table 56.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 to 17 for California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4)
  • Table 57.Percentages Reporting Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 18 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4)
  • Table 58.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4)
  • Table 59.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the Population Aged 12 to 17 for California, Arizona, and the Remainder of the U.S.: 1997 (Q2-Q4)
  • Table 60.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California: 1994-1997
  • Table 61.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 12 to 17 for California: 1994-1997
  • Table 62.Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the Population Aged 18 and Older for California: 1994-1997
  • Table 63.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the Population Aged 12 and Older for California: 1994-1997
  • Table 64.Percentages Reporting About Risk and Availability of Drugs in the Population Aged 12 to 17 for California: 1994-1997