Forensic DNA: Alternative Genetic Markers
Description
While short tandem repeat (STR) typing forms the backbone of current national DNA databases and day-to-day forensic casework, additional DNA marker systems are under exploration in the research arena. These new DNA marker systems include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Alu-insertion elements, and phenotypic predictors. Alternative genetic markers and assays can potentially provide further information about biological samples under investigation, such as an estimation of ethnic origin, physical characteristics, and skin, hair, or eye color.Research Projects
The table below presents awards funded both prior to and under the DNA Initiative, which began in 2004.
| Title | Awardee | Amount | Award Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forensic Identification of an Individual in Complex Mixtures Utilizing SNP Technology | Orchid Cellmark | $224,968 | 2011-DN-BX-K555 |
| Development of a Proteomic Assay for Menstrual Blood, Vaginal Fluid and Species Identification | NY City Office of Chief Medical Examiner | $418,824 | 2010-DN-BX-K192 |
| A Microfluidic Microarray Instrument to Type SNPs for Physical Appearance | Akonni Biosystems Inc. | $499,198 | 2010-DN-BX-K209 |
| Further Development of SNP Panels for Forensics | Yale University | $1,351,352 | 2010-DN-BX-K225 |
| Developing a Forensic Resource/Reference On Genetics knowledge base | Yale University | $643,771 | 2010-DN-BX-K226 |
| Development of a SNP Assay Panel for Ancestral Origin Inference and Individuals Somatic Traits | George Washington University | $255,918 | 2009-DN-BX-K178 |
| Identifying and Communicating Genetic Determinants of Facial Features:Practical Considerations in Forensic Molecular Photofitting | Pennsylvania State University | $500,000 | 2008-DN-BX-K125 |
| High Throughput Mass Spectrometry to Exploit Genetic Differences in Same-Length STR Alleles | Ibis Biosciences, Inc | $649,821 | 2008-DN-BX-K304 |
| Population Genetics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for Forensic Purposes | Yale University | $680,516 | 2007-DN-BX-K197 |
| Isolation of Highly Specific Protein Markers for the Identification of Biological Stains: Adapting Comparative Proteomics to Forensics (pdf, 38 pages) | University of Denver | $186,602 | 2006-DN-BX-K001 |
| Determination of the Physical Characteristics of an Individual From Biological Stains | University of Central Florida | $224,776 | 2005-MU-BX-K075 |
| Gene Polymorphism and Human Pigmentation | University of Arizona | $184,105 | 2002-IJ-CX-K010 |
| Population Genetics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Forensic Purposes | Yale University | $824,540 | 2004-DN-BX-K025 |
| Gene Polymorphism and Human Pigmentation | University of Arizona | $496,053 | 2002-IJ-CX-K010 |
| LINE Elements: New Source of Genomic Variation-DNA Profiling | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | $370,513 | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| Evolution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP's) for Human Identification Use | University of Texas-Houston | $40,000 | 1998-LB-VX-0010 |
| Evolution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP's) for Human Identification Use | University of Texas-Houston | $103,056 | 1998-LB-VX-0010 |
| Identification and Analysis of Polymorphic Alu Repeats | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | $257,534 | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
| Evaluation of New STR Markers for Forensic Analysis | University of Pittsburgh | $220,359 | 1997-LB-VX-0009 |
Research Articles and Reports
Select a title to view an abstract from PubMed database (National Library of Medicine's) unless a different file type is indicated.
| Title | Authors | Publication | Year | Awardee | Award Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forensic typing of autosomal SNPs with a 29 SNP-multiplex — Results of a collaborative EDNAP exercise | J.J. Sanchez, C. Børsting, K. Balogh, B. Berger, M. Bogus, J.M. Butler, A. Carracedo, D. Syndercombe Court, L.A. Dixon, B. Filipovi?, M. Fondevila, P. Gill, C.D. Harrison, C. Hohoff, R. Huel, B. Ludes, W. Parson, T.J. Parsons, E. Petkovski, C. Phillips, H. Schmitter, P.M. Schneider, P.M. Vallone, N. Morling | Forensic Science International: Genetics June 2008 (Vol. 2, Issue 3, Pages 176-183) |
2008 | NIST | 2003-IJ-R-029 |
| Candidate SNPs for a universal individual identification panel | Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Kidd JR, Kidd KK | Hum Genet. 2007 May; 121(3-4):305-17. Epub 2007 Feb 27 | 2007 | Yale University | 2004-DN-BX-K025 |
| The identification of newborns using messenger RNA profiling analysis. | Alvarez M, Ballantyne J. | Anal Biochem. 2006 Oct 1; 357(1):21-34. | 2006 | University of Central Florida | 2005-MU-BX-K075 |
| Developing a SNP panel for forensic identification of individuals | Kidd KK, Pakstis AJ, Speed WC, Grigorenko EL, Kajuna SL, Karoma NJ, Kungulilo, Kim JJ, Lu RB, Odunsi A, Okonofua F, Parnas J, Schulz LO, Zhukova OV, Kidd JR. | Forensic Sci Int. 2006 Dec 1; 164(1):20-32. Epub 2005 Dec 19 | 2006 | Yale University | 2004-DN-BX-K025 |
| Allele frequencies for 70 autosomal SNP loci with U.S. Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic samples. | Vallone PM, Decker AE, Butler JM. | Forensic Sci Int. 2005 May 10; 149(2-3):279-86 | 2005 | National Institute of Standards and Technology | 2003-IJ-R-029 |
| Mobile element-based assay for human gender determination. | Hedges DJ, Walker JA, Callinan PA, Shewale JG, Sinha SK, Batzer MA. | Anal Biochem. 2003 Jan 1; 312(1):77-9. | 2003 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| A comprehensive analysis of recently integrated human Ta L1 elements. | Myers JS, Vincent BJ, Udall H, Watkins WS, Morrish TA, Kilroy GE, Swergold GD, Henke J, Henke L, Moran JV, Jorde LB, Batzer MA. | Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Aug; 71(2):312-26. Epub 2002 Jun 17. | 2002 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| Alu repeats and human genomic diversity. | Batzer MA, Deininger PL. | Nat Rev Genet. 2002 May; 3(5):370-9. | 2002 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| Non-traditional Alu evolution and primate genomic diversity. | Roy-Engel AM, Carroll ML, El-Sawy M, Salem AH, Garber RK, Nguyen SV, Deininger PL, Batzer MA. | J Mol Biol. 2002 Mar 8; 316(5):1033-40. | 2002 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| Mammalian retroelements. | Deininger PL, Batzer MA. | Genome Res. 2002 Oct; 12(10):1455-65. | 2002 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 2001-IJ-CX-K004 |
| Alu insertion polymorphisms for the study of human genomic diversity. | Roy-Engel AM, Carroll ML, Vogel E, Garber RK, Nguyen SV, Salem AH, Batzer MA, Deininger PL. | Genetics. 2001 Sep; 159(1):279-90. | 2001 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
| Reading between the LINEs: human genomic variation induced by LINE-1 retrotransposition. | Sheen FM, Sherry ST, Risch GM, Robichaux M, Nasidze I, Stoneking M, Batzer MA, Swergold GD. | Genome Res. 2000 Oct; 10(10):1496-508 | 2000 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
| Alu insertion polymorphisms in NW Africa and the Iberian Peninsula: evidence for a strong genetic boundary through the Gibraltar Straits. | Comas D, Calafell F, Benchemsi N, Helal A, Lefranc G, Stoneking M, Batzer MA, Bertranpetit J, Sajantila A. | Hum Genet. 2000 Oct; 107(4):312-9. | 2000 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
| Potential gene conversion and source genes for recently integrated Alu elements. | Roy AM, Carroll ML, Nguyen SV, Salem AH, Oldridge M, Wilkie AO, Batzer MA, Deininger PL. | Genome Res. 2000 Oct; 10(10):1485-95. | 2000 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
| Recently Integrated Human Alu Repeats: Finding Needles in the Haystack | Roy AM, Carroll ML, Kass DH, Nguyen SV, Salem AH, Batzer MA, Deininger PL. | Genetica. 1999; 107(1-3):149-61. | 1999 | Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Dentistry | 1999-IJ-CX-K009 |
Date Modified: March 1, 2012
