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theophylline
A natural alkaloid derivative of xanthine isolated from the plants Camellia sinensis and Coffea arabica. Theophylline appears to inhibit phosphodiesterase and prostaglandin production, regulate calcium flux and intracellular calcium distribution, and antagonize adenosine. Physiologically, this agent relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, produces vasodilation (except in cerebral vessels), stimulates the CNS, stimulates cardiac muscle, induces diuresis, and increases gastric acid secretion; it may also suppress inflammation and improve contractility of the diaphragm. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)
| Synonym: | | theophylline monohydrate | |
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| US brand names: | | Constant-T Elixophyllin LaBID Respbid Slo-bid Slo-Phyllin Somophyllin-CRT Somophyllin-T Theo-24 Theobid Duracap Theochron T-Phyl Uniphyl | |
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| Chemical structures: | | 1,3-dimethylxanthine monohydrate 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione monohydrate | |
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