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stage IV laryngeal cancer (... luh-RIN-jee-ul KAN-ser)
Stage IV is divided into stage
IVA, stage IVB, and stage IVC. In stage IVA, (1) cancer has
spread through the thyroid cartilage and/or has spread to
tissues beyond the larynx, such as the neck, trachea,
thyroid, or esophagus; cancer may have spread to one lymph
node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and
the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or (2) cancer
has spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck
as the original tumor and the lymph node is larger than 3
centimeters but not larger than 6 centimeters, or has
spread to more than one lymph node anywhere in the neck
with none larger than 6 centimeters; cancer may have spread
to tissues beyond the larynx, such as the neck, trachea,
thyroid, or esophagus. The vocal cords may not move
normally. In stage IVB, (1) cancer has spread to the space
in front of the spinal column, surrounds the carotid
artery, or has spread to parts of the chest; cancer may
have spread to one or more lymph nodes anywhere in the neck
and the lymph nodes may be any size; or (2) cancer has
spread to a lymph node that is larger than 6 centimeters
and may have spread as far as the space in front of the
spinal column, around the carotid artery, or to parts of
the chest. The vocal cords may not move normally. In stage
IVC, cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as
the lungs, liver, or bone.
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