BJS: Bureau of Justice Statistics

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Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)
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Probation
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The Bureau of Justice Statistics maintains an annual data series, the Annual Probation Survey designed to compile national, as well as federal and state-level, data from administrative records on adults supervised in the community on probation.  Data include the total number of probationers supervised, by state, on January 1 and December 31 of each year and the number of adults who entered and exited probation supervision during the year. Additional data include the characteristics, such as gender, race,  and current offense of probationers on supervision at the end of each year.

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Community corrections Community corrections refers to the supervision of criminal offenders in the resident population, as opposed to confining them in secure correctional facilities. The two main types of community corrections supervision are probation and parole. Community corrections is also referred to as community supervision.
 
Probation Probation refers to adult offenders whom courts place on supervision in the community through a probation agency, generally in lieu of incarceration. However, some jurisdictions do sentence probationers to a combined short-term incarceration sentence immediately followed by probation, which is referred to as a split sentence. Probationers can have a number of different supervision statuses including active supervision, which means they are required to regularly report to a probation authority in person, by mail, or by telephone. Some probationers may be on an inactive status which means they are excluded from regularly reporting, and that could be due to a number of reasons. For instance, some probationers may be placed on inactive status immediately because the severity of the offense was minimal or some may receive a reduction in supervision and therefore may be moved from an active to inactive status. Other supervision statuses include probationers who only have financial conditions remaining, have absconded, or who have active warrants. In many instances, while on probation, offenders are required to fulfill certain conditions of their supervision (e.g., payment of fines, fees or court costs, participation in treatment programs) and adhere to specific rules of conduct while in the community. Failure to comply with any conditions can result in incarceration.
 
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