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Parole population counts
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The Bureau of Justice Statistics maintains an annual data series, the Annual Parole Survey, designed to provide national, federal, and jurisdiction-level data from administrative records on adults supervised in the community on parole. Data include the total number of parolees supervised, by jurisdiction, on January 1 and December 31 of each year and the number of adults who entered and exited parole supervision during the year. Additional data include the characteristics, such as sex, race and Hispanic or Latino origin, and offense of parolees under supervision at the end of each year.
Summary Findings
Yearend population, national and by jurisdiction
Most recent year: 2010
- See Appendix Table 12 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010
Prior years:
- See all community corrections reports and products data collected through the National Corrections Reporting Program
- Trends: Adults on parole, federal and state-by-state, 1975-2010, 11/11
Entries, national and by jurisdiction
Most recent year: 2010
- Totals: See Appendix Table 12 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010.
- By type of sentence: See Appendix Table 13 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010.
Prior years:
- Totals: See all community corrections reports and products
- By type of sentence
- 2009 - See Appendix Table 13 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2009.
- 2008 - See Appendix Table 13 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2008.
- 2007 - See Appendix Table 8 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2007 - Statistical Tables
- 2006 - See Statistical Table 3 in Parole in 2006: Appendix Tables
- 1993-1998 - See Table 6.4 in Chapter 6 of Correctional Populations in the United States, which presents separate chapters of tables on the number of persons in the United States under some form of correctional supervision. The tables are based on data collected through annual BJS surveys. This series began in 1985 and ended in 1998. The BJS Corrections Unit has been unable to sustain the production of the series due to resource constraints but has provided much of the data in alternative formats and has made other data available upon request.
First entries to parole supervision by selected characteristics; data collected through the National Corrections Reporting Program
- First entries to parole supervision from State prison, 2009: Method of prison release, by offense, see Table 12
- First entries to parole supervision from State prison, 2009: Offense, by gender, race, and Hispanic origin, see Table 13
Exits, national and by jurisdiction
Most recent year: 2010
- Totals: See Appendix Table 12 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010.
- By type of exit: See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010.
Prior years:
- Totals: See all community corrections reports and products
- By type of exit
- 2009 - See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2009.
- 2008 - See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2008.
- 2007 - See Appendix Table 7 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2007 – Statistical Tables
- 2006 - See Statistical Table 4 in Parole in 2006: Appendix Tables
- 1993-1998 - See Table 6.5 in Chapter 6 of Correctional Populations in the United States, which presents separate chapters of tables on the number of persons in the United States under some form of correctional supervision. The tables are based on data collected through annual BJS surveys. This series began in 1985 and ended in 1998. The BJS Corrections Unit has been unable to sustain the production of the series due to resource constraints but has provided much of the data in alternative formats and has made other data available upon request.
State parole discharges by selected characteristics; data collected through the National Corrections Reporting Program
- State parole discharges, 2009: Method of parole discharge, by offense, see Table 14
- Successful first State parole discharges, 2009: Sentence length and time served, by offense, see Table 15
- Unsuccessful first State parole discharges, 2009: Sentence length and time served, by offense, see Table 16
Returned to incarceration
Parolees returned to incarceration
- 2010 National and state totals
- See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010.
- 2009 National and state totals
- See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2009.
- 2008 National and state totals
- See Appendix Table 14 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2008
- 2007 National and state totals
- 2006 National and state totals
- See Statistical Table 4 in Parole in 2006: Appendix Tables
- National trends 2000-2010 for rates of parolees returned to incarceration
- See Figure 7 in Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010
Data collected through the Annual Parole Survey
Parole violators returned to state prison by selected characteristics
- Parole violators returned to state prison, 2009: Offense, by age at admission Table 3
- Parole violators returned to state prison, 2009: Offense, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino origin Table 5
Data collected through the National Corrections Reporting Program
| Data Collections & Surveys | |
- 2006 Census of State Parole Supervising Agencies
- Annual Probation Survey and Annual Parole Survey
- National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP)
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| Terms & Definitions | |
| Parole | Parole refers to criminal offenders who are conditionally released from prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence in the community. Prisoners may be released to parole by a parole board decision (discretionary release/discretionary parole), according to provisions of a statute (mandatory release/mandatory parole), through other types of post-custody conditional supervision, or as the result of a sentence to a term of supervised release. In the federal system, a term of supervised release is a sentence to a fixed period of supervision in the community that follows a sentence to a period of incarceration in federal prison, both of which are ordered at the time of sentencing by a federal judge. Parolees can have a number of different supervision statuses including active supervision, which means they are required to regularly report to a parole authority in person, by mail, or by telephone. Some parolees may be on an inactive status which means they are excluded from regularly reporting, and that could be due to a number of reasons. For instance, some may receive a reduction in supervision, possibly due to compliance or meeting all required conditions before the parole sentence terminates, and therefore may be moved from an active to inactive status. Other supervision statues include parolees who only have financial conditions remaining, have absconded, or who have active warrants. Parolees are also typically required to fulfill certain conditions and adhere to specific rules of conduct while in the community. Failure to comply with any of the conditions can result in a return to incarceration. |