Produces and disseminates information about the cost, quality, access, and medical effectiveness of health care. AHRQ's Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys provide public and private sector decision makers with timely national estimates of health care use and expenditures; private and public health insurance coverage; and the availability, costs, and scope of private health insurance benefits among the U.S. population. AHRQ prepares analyses of changes in behavior as a result of market forces or policy changes on health care use, expenditures, and insurance coverage; develops cost/savings estimates of proposed changes in policy; and identifies the impact of changes in policy for key groups in the population.

Statistical activities include measuring the impact of immunizations, HIV/AIDS, and other infectious diseases, and studying methodological approaches to collecting the core data needed for program planning, monitoring, surveillance, and evaluation.

Conducts public health assessments, health studies, and health surveillance for those exposed to hazardous materials, and maintains exposure and disease registries for long- term follow-up or specific scientific studies. ATSDR analyzes the statistical significance of human disease, biomarkers, and other health outcomes in the presence of environmental contamination to establish possible relationships between exposure and health.

Provides data on morbidity, epidemiologic surveillance of infectious diseases, chronic diseases, occupational diseases and injuries, vaccine efficacy, and safety.

Collects administrative data associated with oversight of the Medicare and Medicaid programs; studies the quality of care delivered by those programs; and sponsors a survey of current Medicare beneficiaries to obtain data on health care utilization and expenditures, including expenditures not covered by Medicare, the sources of health care coverage and payment, and the assets, income, health, functional status, work history, and family support systems of the Medicare population.

Supports the Russian health effects studies. The Russian Health Effects Studies are a joint effort by the United States and Russia to conduct epidemiologic studies on the health effects of exposure to radiation.

Collects data on general health services, the health professions workforce, and resource issues related to access, equity, quality, and cost of care. HRSA maintains the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients and the National Bone Marrow Donor Registry.

Provides vital event, demographic, social, and economic statistics on American Indians and Alaska Natives living in IHS service areas, as well as patient care and morbidity information for those who use IHS services.

Supports research on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), trains researchers in CAM, and disseminates information to the public and professionals on which CAM modalities work, which do not, and why.

The principal agency that produces general-purpose health data. NCHS is responsible for the collection, maintenance, analysis, and dissemination of statistics on the nature and extent of the health, illness, and disability of the U.S. population; the impact of illness and disability on the economy; the effects of environmental, social, and other health hazards and health care costs and financing.

Conducts extensive surveillance research on cancer incidence, mortality, morbidity, survival, patterns of cancer care, cancer risk factors and health practices, cost of care, health systems operations applied to cancer control, and progress against cancer.

Carries out studies of the causation, prevention, and treatment of eye diseases and vision disorders.

Conducts basic epidemiological research related to heart, lung, and blood diseases, as well as research in theoretical statistics and biometric methods.

Conducts research on aging and age-associated diseases and conditions using population-based epidemiological and biometric methods.

Maintains the Alcohol Epidemiology Data System, a national repository of alcohol-related databases; sponsors a longitudinal survey of alcohol use, abuse, and dependence; and makes available information on alcohol-related policies adopted by state governments.

Coordinates a multi-centered clinical trial of a comprehensive intervention program to reduce asthma morbidity in inner city children; creates databases containing chemical structures and biological data in order to monitor and analyze developments in the chemotherapy of HIV and opportunistic infections; makes available information on clinical trials that evaluate experimental drug treatments; and supports training activities that include statistical and clinical research training on AIDS and emerging infectious diseases, as well as training in biostatistical and data management and methods for analysis of HIV vaccine trials.

Provides support to National Center for Health Statistics for the inclusion of a dermatologic component and to perform body composition examinations and laboratory tests for Bone Alkaline Phosphates in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Institute also provides support for the arthritis component of the National Health Interview Survey.

Fosters, conducts, supports, and administers research and training programs in Bioinformatics, Image Processing, and Computational Modeling.

Directs an epidemiological and statistical program that includes research on risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes, coordinates clinical trials for the evaluation of strategies of obstetric management and neonatal intensive care, and analyzes data to understand recent trends in indicators of maternal and child health.

Supports research on the nature, patterns, extent, causes, consequences, prevention, and treatment of drug abuse and works with state, Federal, and international governmental agencies to develop drug abuse surveillance capability through the establishment of epidemiology networks.

Conducts epidemiologic studies related to deafness and other communication disorders, and maintains a data system to facilitate the monitoring of levels and analysis of trends in relevant health problems.

Studies the impact of sociodemographic and economic trends on oral health, surveys oral health knowledge and practices of health providers, and investigates the oral health status of populations. The Institute also provides support to National Center for Health Statistics for the inclusion of an oral health component in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Studies recipients of human growth hormones; the epidemiology of diabetes and its complications; digestive diseases and their complications; and major chronic kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases.

Supports national data centers that coordinate data collection activities of burn injury, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury model systems program grantees and provide technical assistance on data collection methodology. In addition, NIDRR funds a Rehabilitation Research Training Center on demographics and statistics and funds a small number of field-initiated projects that conduct secondary analyses on existing data sets.

Supports data collections and analyses examining populations training for and participating in medical research as well as biological and medical sciences instrumentation and research facilities, and maintains a database on characteristics of America's medical school faculties.

Provides biostatistical analysis and data management for studies in support of its mission to reduce the burden of mental illness and behavioral disorders through research on mind, brain, and behavior.

Funds studies to improve data on outcome measurement, including indicators of the health and welfare of both broad populations and special populations served by HHS programs.

Supports research in the area of societal influences on adolescent sexual activity and adolescent pregnancy, evaluation of innovative strategies for preventing adolescent pregnancy, the characteristics of the population in need of family planning services, issues related to the improvement of family planning service delivery, and data collection efforts related to fertility and reproductive health.

SAMHSA provides information on health problems related to the use and abuse of drugs and alcohol (the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention); substance abuse treatment (the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment); the mental health condition of the population (the Center for Mental Health Services); and the prevalence, incidence, correlates, treatment, and consequences of mental and substance use disorders (the Office of Applied Studies).