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NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms

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retrospective cohort study  listen  (REH-troh-SPEK-tiv KOH-hort STUH-dee)

  A research study in which the medical records of groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic (for example, female nurses who smoke and those who do not smoke) are compared for a particular outcome (such as lung cancer). Also called historic cohort study.