Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan       (... ih-brih-TOO-moh-mab ty-UK-seh-tan)

A radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of B-cell tumors. It is made up of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab plus the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. It binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. The radiation in the yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan is a type of radiopharmaceutical. Also called IDEC-Y2B8, Y 90 Zevalin, and yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan.

Y 90 Zevalin       (... ZEH-vuh-lin)

A radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of B-cell tumors. It is made up of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab plus the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. It binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. The radiation in the yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Y 90 Zevalin is a type of radiopharmaceutical. Also called IDEC-Y2B8, Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan, and yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan.

yangona       (yan-GOH-nuh)

An herb native to islands in the South Pacific. Substances taken from the root have been used in some cultures to relieve stress, anxiety, tension, sleeplessness, and problems of menopause. Yangona may increase the effect of alcohol and of certain drugs used to treat anxiety and depression. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration advises users that yangona may cause severe liver damage. The scientific name is Piper methysticum. Also called intoxicating pepper, kava kava, rauschpfeffer, and tonga.

yellow fever       (YEH-loh FEE-ver)

A disease caused by infection with the yellow fever virus, which is carried by mosquitos. Symptoms include body aches, chills, fever, severe headache, weakness, and a yellow skin color. Bleeding, vomiting, and failure of the liver and other organs may occur in late stages of the disease.

Yervoy       (YER-voy)

A drug used to treat melanoma that has spread to other parts of the body or that cannot be removed by surgery. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Yervoy binds to a substance called CTLA-4, which is found on the surface of T cells (a type of white blood cell). Yervoy may block CTLA-4 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody. Also called ipilimumab and MDX-010.

yin and yang       (yin ... yang)

In Chinese philosophy, yin and yang are opposite forces that form a whole. Everything contains both yin and yang in a balance that is always changing, such as hot and cold, day and night, and health and disease. In traditional Chinese medicine, disease is diagnosed and treated based on the balance of yin and yang.

YKL-40      

A substance that may be found in higher-than-normal amounts in the blood of patients with certain types of cancer and inflammatory diseases. It is a type of glycoprotein.

YM598      

A substance that is being studied as a treatment for advanced prostate cancer and for pain caused by prostate cancer that has spread to the bone. It belongs to the family of drugs called endothelin ETA receptor antagonists.

yoga       (YOH-guh)

An ancient system of practices used to balance the mind and body through exercise, meditation (focusing thoughts), and control of breathing and emotions. Yoga is being studied as a way to relieve stress and treat sleep problems in cancer patients.

yohimbe       (yoh-HIM-bay)

A tree native to West Africa. The bark is used as a supplement for bodybuilding and to enhance male sexual performance. It contains the chemical yohimbine, which is being studied in the treatment of sexual dysfunction. It may interact with certain drugs used to treat depression, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar. The scientific name is Pausinystalia yohimbe. Also called johimbe.

yttrium       (IH-tree-um)

A metal of the rare earth group of elements. A radioactive form of yttrium may be attached to a monoclonal antibody or other molecule that can locate and bind to cancer cells and be used to diagnose or treat some types of cancer.

yttrium Y 90       (IH-tree-um …)

A radioactive form of the rare metal yttrium that is used in radiation therapy to treat some types of tumors. Yttrium Y 90 can be linked to a molecule, such as a monoclonal antibody, to help it locate and bind to certain substances in the body, including cancer cells. The radiation may kill the cancer cells.

yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A       (IH-tree-um … MAH-noh-KLOH-nul AN-tee-BAH-dee …)

A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. M5A is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a protein called CEA on the surface of some tumor cells. It is linked to a radioisotope called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A is a type of radioimmunoconjugate and a type of radiopharmaceutical.

yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31       (IH-tree-um … MAH-noh-KLOH-nul AN-tee-BAH-dee …)

A substance being studied in the treatment of liver cancer. HuAFP31 is a monoclonal antibody that can bind to tumor cells that make a protein called alpha fetoprotein (AFP). It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.

yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4       (IH-tree-um ... MAH-noh-KLOH-nul AN-tee-BAH-dee ...)

A substance being studied in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. HuPAM4 is a monoclonal antibody that can locate and bind to pancreatic cancer cells. It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y90, which may help kill cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.

yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin       (IH-tree-um ... BY-oh-tin)

A compound that contains the radioisotope yttrium Y 90 linked to the chemical biotin. Biotin is a molecule that binds strongly to the chemical streptavidin. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA-biotin will find tumor cells in the body that have been targeted by an antibody linked to streptavidin and kill them. It is being studied together with CC49-streptavidin in the treatment of cancer. Also called 90Y-DOTA-biotin.

yttrium Y 90 DOTA-tyr3-octreotide       (IH-tree-um ... ok-TREE-oh-tide)

A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Yttrium Y 90 DOTA-tyr3-octreotide contains yttrium Y 90 (a radioactive form of the metal yttrium) attached to a molecule that binds to certain types of neuroendocrine tumors (tumors that come from cells that release hormones). The radioactivity from yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Also called yttrium Y 90 edotreotide and yttrium Y 90 SMT 487.

yttrium Y 90 edotreotide       (IH-tree-um ... eh-doh-TREE-oh-tide)

A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Yttrium Y 90 edotreotide contains yttrium Y 90 (a radioactive form of the metal yttrium) attached to a molecule that binds to certain types of neuroendocrine tumors (tumors that come from cells that release hormones). The radioactivity from yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Also called yttrium Y 90 DOTA-tyr3-octreotide and yttrium Y 90 SMT 487.

yttrium Y 90 epratuzumab tetraxetan       (IH-tree-um … eh-pruh-TOO-zoo-mab teh-TRAK-seh-tan)

A substance being studied in the treatment of certain types of B-cell cancer. Epratuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a protein called CD22, which is found on the surface of B cells. It is linked to a radioactive substance called yttrium Y 90, which may help kill cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 epratuzumab tetraxetan is a type of radioimmunoconjugate.

yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan       (IH-tree-um ... ih-brih-TOO-moh-mab ty-UK-seh-tan)

A radiolabeled monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is being studied in the treatment of other types of B-cell tumors. It is made up of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab plus the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. It binds to the protein called CD20, which is found on B cells. The radiation in the yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan is a type of radiopharmaceutical. Also called IDEC-Y2B8, Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan, and Y 90 Zevalin.

yttrium Y 90 SMT 487       (IH-tree-um …)

A substance being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Yttrium Y 90 SMT 487 contains yttrium Y 90 (a radioactive form of the metal yttrium) attached to a molecule that binds to certain types of neuroendocrine tumors (tumors that come from cells that release hormones). The radioactivity from yttrium Y 90 may kill the cancer cells. Also called yttrium Y 90 DOTA-tyr3-octreotide and yttrium Y 90 edotreotide.

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