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DTBE in China

map of China

Capital City: Beijing
Area*:9,596,961 sq km (5,963,275 sq. mi.)
Population (est.), 2011*: 1.34 billion
Estimated TB Incidence, 2010**: 78/100,000
Estimated TB Prevalence, 2010**: 108/100,000
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate, 2009***: 0.1%
Number of people living with HIV (PLHIV), 2009***: 740,000
Percent of tested TB patients who were HIV-positive, 2010**: 3%

*Source: www.state.gov
**Source: WHO Global TB Control Report 2011
***Source: UNAIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2010

Background

China has a very low HIV prevalence rate; however, with 1.5 million cases of tuberculosis (TB), China has the second highest burden of TB in the world after India. Since 2000, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has provided technical assistance to China’s TB control program through CDC’s Division of Global HIV/AIDS and Division of Tuberculosis Elimination (DTBE). In 2008, U.S. CDC’s Global Disease Detection (GDD) Program in China incorporated TB into its mission. CDC/DTBE now partners with GDD to provide technical assistance and support program activities, which focus on improved management and control of drug-resistant TB.

Recent Accomplishments & Ongoing Collaborations

Multidrug-resistantTB (MDR TB), TB/HIV, and Other At-Risk Populations

Reducing transmission of TB and MDR TB: During large, serious outbreaks of respiratory infections such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and pandemic H1N1 influenza, China demonstrated a tremendous ability to strengthen infection control (IC) in health care facilities. However, China did not have a national policy for how to reduce transmission of TB in health care facilities so these practices were not routine.  CDC/DTBE worked with the National TB Program to develop the first national guidelines for TB IC in health care facilities, the “China TB Infection Control Handbook” (2010).  China’s National TB program held a large training course on these guidelines in August 2010, with CDC/DTBE staff serving as trainers for respiratory infection control and assessments of health care facility ventilation.

Assessments of TB transmission in health care facilities: Although transmission of TB and MDR TB in health care facilities is an important global public health problem, few studies in China have systematically evaluated the prevalence of TB infection and disease in health care workers or identified risk factors for infection. In 2010, CDC/DTBE collaborated with the National TB Program to survey 134,200 healthcare workers in Inner Mongolia province for TB infection and disease.  Findings from that assessment are being used to inform hospital guidelines and practices regarding infection control and systems to routinely screen health care workers.

Additional Information

 
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