The officer's rank given in a caption is that of the insignia of uniform visible in the portrait. Further information is added in brackets in two cases: (1) when the officer achieved, during his active Civil War service, a higher rank than the one shown, this higher rank and its date are inserted; and (2) when the rank shown is one bestowed at or after the end of the war (often as a brevet) when the actual campaigning was over, the date of such rank is added. Such information serves, in some degree, to date the portrait, as well as to give a fairer idea of the officer's actual wartime rank.