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A Country Study: Egypt
Library of Congress Call Number
DT46 .E32 1991
Egypt
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Preface
Country Profile
Country
Geography
Society
Economy
Transportation and Communications
Government and Politics
National Security
Introduction
Chapter 1 - Historical Setting
(Mary Ann Fay)
Ancient Egypt
The Predynastic Period and the First and Second Dynasties, 6000-2686 B.C.
The Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and Second Intermediate Period, 2686 to 1552 B.C.
Pyramid Building in the Old and Middle Kingdoms
The New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, 1552-664 B.C.
Art and Architecture in the New Kingdom
The Cult of the Sun God and Akhenaten's Monotheism
The Late Period, 664-323 B.C.
Ptolemaic, Roman and Byzantine Egypt, 332 B.C.-A.D. 642
The Alexandrian Conquest
The Ptolemaic Period
Egypt under Rome and Byzantium, 30 B.C.-A.D. 640
Medieval Egypt
The Arab Conquest, 639-41
The Tulinids, Ikhshidids, Fatimids, and Ayyubids, 868- 1260
The Mamluks, 1250-1517
Egypt Under the Ottoman Empire
Modern Egypt
The Neo-Mamluk Beylicate, 1760-98
The French Invasion and Occupation, 1798-1801
Muhammad Ali, 1805-48
Abbas Hilmi I, 1848-54 and Said, 1854-63
Social Change in the Nineteenth Century
Rural Society
Towns and Cities
From Autonomy to Occupation: Ismail, Taqfiq, and the Urabi Revolt
Khedive Ismail, 1863-79
From Intervention to Occupation, 1876-82
From Occupation to Normal Independence: 1882-1923
The Occupiers
Economy and Society under Occupation
Egypt under the Protectorate and the 1919 Revolution
The Era of Liberal Constitutionalism and Party Politics
The Rise and Decline of the Wafd, 1924-39
Egypt During the War, 1939-45
On the Threshold of Revolution, 1945-52
The Revolution and the Early Years of the New Government: 1952-56
Egypt and the Arab World
Nasser and Arab Socialism
Egypt, the Arabs, and Israel
The June 1967 War
The Aftermath of War
Internal Relations
External Relations
Nasser's Legacy
Sadat Takes Over, 1970-73
October 1973 War
Political Developments, 1971-78
Egypt's New Direction
Peace with Israel
The Aftermath of Camp David and the Assassination of Sadat
Mubarak and the Middle Way
Chapter 2 - The Society and Its Environment
(Eric Hooglund)
Geography
Physical Size and Borders
Natural Regions
Nile Valley and Delta
Western Desert
Eastern Desert
Sinai Peninsula
Climate
Population
Population Control Policies
Major Cities
Emigration
Minorities
Social Organization
Urban Society
Rural Society
Family and Kinship
Importance of Kinship
Attitudes Toward Women
Changing Status of Women
Religion
Islam
Early Developments
Contemporary Islam
Islamic Political Movements
Coptic Church
Other Religious Minorities
Education
Health and Welfare
Chapter 3 - The Economy
(Sharif S. Elmusa)
Structure, Growth, and Development of the Economy
Infrastructure
Transportation
Communications
The Role of Government
Mubarak's Gradualism?
Development Planning
Pricing and Subsidy
Exchange Rates
Public Finance
Banking, Credit, and Inflation
Labor
Employment
Wages
Agriculture
The Food Gap
Land Ownership and Reform
Land Reclamation and Loss
Pricing Policy
Cropping Patterns, Production, and Yield
Technology
Energy, Mining, and Manufacturing
Energy
Mining
Manufacturing
Foreign Trade
Exports
Imports
Trade Partners
Balance of Payments and Main Sources of Foreign Exchange
Petroleum
Suez Canal
Remittances
Tourism
Current Account Balance
Capital Account and Capital Grants
Direct Foreign Investment
Loans
Debt and Restructuring
Chapter 4 - Government and Politics
(Raymond A. Hinnebusch, Jr.)
The Dominant Executive and the Power Elite
The Presidency
The President and the Power Elite
The Prime Minister, the Council of Ministers, and the Policy-making Process
The Road to Power: Recruitment and Composition of the Elite
Elite Ideology
Politics among Elites
Military Politics
The Politics of Economic Strategy
The Bureaucracy and Policy Implementation
Local Government
The Subordinate Branches: The Regine and its Constituency
Parliament
The Judiciary, Civil Rights, and the Rule of Law
The Political Role of the Media
Interest Groups
Controlling the Mass Political Arena
The "Dominant Party System"
The Ruling Party
The Opposition Parties
Elections
The Limits of Incorporation: The Rise of Political Islam and the Continuing Role of Repression
Foreign Policy
The Determinants of Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy Decision Making
The Development of Foreign Policy
Chapter 5 - National Security
(Jean R. Tartter)
Military Heritage
The Egyptian Military in World War II
First Arab-Israeli War
The 1956 War
The June 1967 War
War of Attrition and the October 1973 War
Security Concerns and Strategic Perspectives
The Military in National Life
The Armed Forces
Army
Air Force
Navy
Air Defense Force
Training and Education
Conscription and Reserves
Conditions of Service
Defense Spending
Military Justice
Uniforms and Insignia
Armed Forces Production
Production of Civilian Goods
Defense Industry
Foreign Military Assistance
Internal Security
Muslim Extremism
Leftist Organizations
Police
Organization
Training
Central Security Forces
Intelligence Services
Crime and Punishment
The Judicial System
Incidence of Crime
Drug Trafficking
The Penal System
Appendix. Tables
Bibliography
Glossary
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