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Blacks in the Sciences and Related Disciplines

Tracer Bullet 89-9


SCOPE

Humankind had its beginnings in Africa and the man many consider to be the first scientist, Imhotep (3000 BC), was an Egyptian of the African continent, and may have been a man of color. While the contributions of Blacks to science and invention throughout history are many, their stories are often little known. The vibrant Black cultures in Africa that predated slavery made great strides in folk medicine, and in this country, Blacks have made many significant contributions to the advancement of science and technology. Recognition of these contributions and opportunities to make them have increased for Blacks since World War II. This literature guide, an update of TB 85-5, includes the accomplishments of Blacks in science, invention, architecture, engineering, medicine, photography, the military, and related fields. It is not all-inclusive, although effort has been made to list some basic books in most areas. It is of necessity biographical in content. Not meant to be a comprehensive bibliography, it is designed--as the name of the series implies--to put the reader "on target."

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INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TOPIC

Blacks in science: ancient and modern. Edited by Ivan Van Sertima. New Brunswick, N.J., Transaction Books, c1983. 302 p. (Journal of African civilizations, v. 5, no. 1/2) DT14.J68, v.5, no.1/2
Bibliography: p. 295-297.

The Negro almanac: a reference work on the Afro-American. Compiled and edited by Harry A. Ploski and James D. Williams. 4th ed. New York, Wiley, c1983. 1550 p.
See particularly p. 1053-1076. E185.N385 1983 MRR

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SUBJECT HEADINGS

Subject headings under which books can be located in most card, book, and online catalogs include the following.

AFRO-AMERICAN AGRICULTURISTS
AFRO-AMERICAN AIR PILOTS
AFRO-AMERICAN ARCHITECTS
AFRO-AMERICAN ASTRONAUTS
AFRO-AMERICAN DENTISTS
AFRO-AMERICAN ENGINEERS
AFRO-AMERICAN INVENTORS
AFRO-AMERICAN MATHEMATICIANS
AFRO-AMERICAN MIDWIVES
AFRO-AMERICAN NURSES
AFRO-AMERICAN PHARMACISTS
AFRO-AMERICAN PHOTOGRAPHERS
AFRO-AMERICAN PHYSICIANS
AFRO-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGISTS
AFRO-AMERICAN SCIENTISTS
AFRO-AMERICAN SOLDIERS
AFRO-AMERICAN SURGEONS
AFRO-AMERICAN WOMEN CHEMISTS
AFRO-AMERICANS IN AERONAUTICS
AFRO-AMERICANS IN DENTISTRY
AFRO-AMERICANS IN MEDICINE
AFRO-AMERICANS IN VETERINARY MEDICINE
MINORITIES IN ENGINEERING
MINORITIES IN MEDICINE
MINORITIES IN NURSING
MINORITIES IN SCIENCE

Earlier Terms
NEGRO PHYSICIANS
NEGRO SCIENTISTS
NEGROES--BIOGRAPHY
NEGROES IN MEDICINE

Please note that prior to 1976 the Library of Congress used the subject heading "Negroes" to refer to all persons of African descent. In 1976 the term "Negroes" was discontinued and the subject headings "Afro-Americans" and "Blacks" were added to refer to persons of African descent within and outside the United States respectively, but the cataloging of pre-1976 books was not changed; books published prior to 1976 were not recataloged.

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BASIC TEXTS

Afro-American encyclopedia. Chief compiler and editor, Martin Rywell. North Miami, Fla., Educational Book Publishers, 1974. 10 v.
   E185.A28 MRR

Baker, Henry Edwin. The colored inventor. New York, Arno Press, 1969. 12 p.
   E185.8.B16 1969
   Reprint of the 1913 ed.

Bauchum, Rosalind G., and James W. A. Bauchum III. The Black architect. Monticello, Ill., Vance Bibliographies, 1982. 6 p. (Architecture series: bibliography, A-728)
   Z5943.A37B38 1982

Bennett, Lerone. Before the Mayflower: a history of Black America. 5th ed. Chicago, Johnson Pub. Co., 1982. 681 p.
   E185.B4 1982
   Bibliography: p. 643-662.

The Black resource guide. 1981- Washington, Ben Johnson.
   E185.5.B565

Blacks in the military: essential documents. Edited by Bernard C. Nalty and Morris J. MacGregor. Wilmington, Del., Scholarly Resources, c1981. 367 p.
   UB418.A47B55 1981
   Includes bibliographical references.

Bradley, Michael Anderson. The Black discovery of America: amazing evidence of daring voyages by ancient West African mariners. Toronto, Personal Library, c1981. 193 p.
   E109.A35B7
   Includes bibliographical references.

Brown, William Wells. The Black man: his antecedents, his genius, and his achievements. Boston, J. Redpath, 1863. New York, Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. 312 p.
   E185.96.B863 1969b
   "Memoir of the author": p. 11-30.

Carnegie, Mary Elizabeth. The path we tread: Blacks in nursing, 1854-1984. Philadelphia, Lippincott, c1986. 254 p.
   RT83.5.C37 1986
   Includes bibliographies.

A Century of Black photographers, 1840-1960. Edited by Valencia Hollins Coar. Providence, R.I., Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, c1983. 192 p.
   TR646.U6P763 1983
   Catalog of an exhibition held Mar. 31, 1983, to Aug. 26, 1984, at the Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design and other institutions.
   Bibliography: p. 191-192.

A Century of Black surgeons: the U.S.A. experience. Edited by Claude H. Organ, Jr., and Margaret M. Kosiba. Norman, Okla., Transcript Press, c1987. 2 v. (973 p.)
   RD27.34.C46 1987
   Bibliography: v. 2, p. 943-946.

Curtis, James L. Blacks, medical schools, and society. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1971. 169 p.
   R695.C86 1971
   Includes bibliographical references.

Driskell, Claude Evans. History of Chicago Black dental professionals, 1850-1983. Chicago, C. E. Driskell, c1982. 122 p.
   RK34.U7C44 1982
   Bibliography: p. 122.

Dummett, Clifton O., and Lois Doyle Dummett. Afro-Americans in dentistry: sequence and consequence of events. Los Angeles, C. Dummett, c1978. 144 p.
   RK60.45.D85 <SciRR>
   Bibliography: p. 124-127.

The Ebony handbook. By the editors of Ebony. Edited by Doris E. Saunders. Chicago, Johnson Pub. Co., 1974. 553 p.
   E185.E22
   Earlier ed. compiled by the editors of Ebony, published in 1966, under the title The Negro Handbook.

Encyclopedia of Black America. Edited by W. Augustus Low and Virgil A. Clift. New York, Da Capo Press, 1984, c1981. 921 p.
   E185.E55 1984
   Reprint. Originally published, New York, McGraw-Hill, c1981.

Haber, Louis. The role of the American Negro in the fields of science. New York? 1966. 70 l.
   Q141.H212 <SciRR>
   "Final report ... project number 6-8353, contract number OEC 1-6-068353-1684 with the U.S. Office of Education, Curriculum Branch, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education, Bureau of Research."
   Bibliography: leaves 67-70.

Hardesty, Von, and Dominick Pisano. Black wings: the American Black in aviation. Washington, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, 1983. 80 p.
   TL553.H34 1983
   Bibliography: p. 79-80.

Holt, Thomas, Cassandra Smith Parker, and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn. A special mission: the story of Freedmen's Hospital, 1862-1962. Washington, Academic Affairs Division, Howard University, 1975. 76 p.
   RA982.W3F864
   Bibliography: p. 74-76.

Howard University. School of Medicine. Howard University Medical Department, Washington, D.C., a historical biographical and statistical souvenir. Compiled and edited for and by authority of the medical faculty of Howard University by Daniel Smith Lamb. Freeport, N.Y, Books for Libraries Press, 1971. 301 p.
   R747.H723A5 1971
   Reprint of the 1900 ed.

Ives, Patricia Carter. Creativity and inventions: the genius of Afro-Americans and women in the United States and their patents. Arlington, Va., Research Unlimited, 1987. 88 p.
   T21.I84 1987 <SciRR>
   Bibliography: p. 81-86.

Jay, James M. Negroes in science: natural science doctorates, 1876-1969. Detroit, Balamp Pub., 1971. 87 p.
   Q149.U5J38
   Includes bibliographical references.

Johnson, Jesse J., ed. Black Armed Forces officers, 1736-1971 (a documented pictorial history). Hampton, Va., c1971. 169 p. (His Missing pages in U.S. history)
   E185.63.J62

Johnson, Jesse J., ed. The Black soldier (documented, 1619-1815). Hampton, Va., 1969. 174 p. (His Missing pages in U.S. history)
   E185.63.J63
   "Most documents used in this book were first compiled in 1888 in the Office of the Adjutant General of the United States Army."
   Bibliography: p. 174.

----- Black women in the Armed Forces, 1942-1974 (a pictorial history). Hampton, Va., Johnson, c1974. 110 p. (His Missing pages in U.S. history)
   E185.63.J633

Lusterman, Seymour. Minorities in engineering: the corporate role: a research report from the Conference Board. New York, Conference Board, c1979. 53 p. (Conference Board report, no. 756)
   TA157.L69

Lynch, L. Riddick. The complete guide to selected health and health-related careers. Teaneck, N.J., Ros Bernard Publications, c1979. 163 p.
   R690.L96 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographies.

Maryland. Morgan State College, Baltimore. The Negro in science. Edited by Julius H. Taylor. Baltimore, Morgan State College Press, 1955. 192 p.
   Q171.M312

Maynard, Aubre de L. Surgeons to the poor: the Harlem Hospital story. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, c1978. 258 p.
   RA982.N5H37
   Includes bibliographical references.

Minorities & women in the health fields. 1984 ed. United States Health Resources and Services Administration, Division of Health Professions Analysis. [Bethesda, Md.?] Washington, U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Health Professions, Division of Health Professions Analysis; For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1984. 191 p.
   R693.M55 1984
   Includes bibliographical references.

Minorities in science: the challenge for change in biomedicine. Edited by Vijaya L. Melnick and Franklin D. Hamilton. New York, Plenum Press, c1977. 296 p.
   R693.M56 1977b
   Includes bibliographies.

Morais, Herbert Montfort. The history of the Negro in medicine. New York, Publishers Co., 1967. 317 p.
   R695.M6 <SciRR>
   Published under the auspices of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History.
   Bibliography: p. 281-304.

Morrison, Nathan. Profile of the Black physician and the health-care experience of the U.S. population by color. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, c1977. 36 p.
   R695.M65
   Includes bibliographical references.

Odegaard, Charles E. Minorities in medicine: from receptive passivity to positive action, 1966-76. New York, Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation; Port Washington, N.Y., distributed by the Independent Publishers Group, c1977. 164 p.
   R745.O33 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographical references.

Patton, Gerald W. War and race: the Black officer in the American military, 1915-1941. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, c1981. 214 p. (Contributions in Afro-American and African studies, no. 62)
   UB418.A47P37
   Bibliography: p. 187-201.

Pearson, Willie. Black scientists, white society, and colorless science: a study of universalism in American science. Millwood, N.Y., Associated Faculty Press, c1985. 201 p.
   Q149.U5P43 1985
   Bibliography: p. 181-196.

Profile of the Negro in American dentistry. Edited by Foster Kidd. Society for Research and Study of the Negro in Dentistry. Washington, Howard University Press, 1979. 211 p.
   RK34.U6P76
   Bibliography: p. 201-202.

Reitzes, Dietrich C. Negroes and medicine. Cambridge, Published for the Common wealth Fund by Harvard University Press, 1958. 400 p.
   E185.82.R46

Research directions of Black psychologists. A. Wade Boykin, Anderson J. Franklin, J. Frank Yates, editors. New York, Russell Sage Foundation, c1979. 440 p.
   BF76.5.R46
   Includes bibliographies.

Rose, Robert. Lonely eagles: the story of America's Black Air Force in World War II. Los Angeles, Tuskegee Airmen, Western Region, 1976. 160 p.
   D810.N4R67
   Bibliography: p. 159.

Roucek, Joseph Slabey, and Thomas Kiernan, eds. The Negro impact on Western civilization. New York, Philosophical Library, 1970. 506 p.
   E185.R83
   Includes bibliographies.

Royster, Jacqueline Jones. Women as healers: a noble tradition. Atlanta, Women's Re search and Resource Center, Spelman College, c1983. 24 p.
   R692.R69 1983
   "Publication of an exhibition at Spelman College, Women's Research and Resource Center, Atlanta, Georgia, June 24, 1983 to June 31, 1984."
   Bibliography: p. 18-22.

Staupers, Mabel Keaton. No time for prejudice: a story of the integration of Negroes in nursing in the United States. New York, Macmillan, 1961. 206 p.
   RT83.5.S75

Steward, Theophilus Gould. The colored regulars in the United States Army. New York, Arno Press, 1969. 344 p.
   E725.5.N3S8 1969
   Reprint of the 1904 ed., with a new pref. by W. L. Katz.

Susie, Debra Anne. In the way of our grandmothers: a cultural view of twentieth- century midwifery in Florida. Athens, Ga., University of Georgia Press, c1988. 254 p.
   RG961.F6S87 1988
   Bibliography: p. 247-249.

Toppin, Edgar Allan. A biographical history of Blacks in America since 1528. New York, McKay, 1971. 499 p.
   E185.96.T66
   "Based on a series of articles that appeared weekly in the Christian Science Monitor, March 6 to June 12, 1969." "Biographies of notable Black Americans": p. 241-483.
   Bibliography: p. 222-240.

United States. National Institutes of Health. Division of Physician and Health Professions Education. Minority groups in medicine: selected bibliography. Bethesda, Md., For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, 1972. 15 p. (DHEW publication, no. (NIH) 72-331)
   Z6661.U5U55 1972

Van Sertima, Ivan. They came before Columbus. New York, Random House, c1976. 288 p.
   E109.A35V36
   Includes bibliographical references.

Waddell, William H. The Black man in veterinary medicine: Afro-American-Negro- Colored. Rev. ed. Honolulu, Hawaii? W. H. Waddell, 1982? 176 p.
   SF612.W3 1982

Wilkes, Laura Eliza. Missing pages in American history, revealing the services of Negroes in the early wars in the United States of America, 1641-1815. New York, AMS Press, 1973. 91 p.
   E185.63.W68 1973
   Reprint of the 1919 ed.
   Bibliography: p. 85-87.

Woodson, Carter Godwin, and Charles Harris Wesley. Negro makers of history. 5th ed. Washington, Associated Publishers, c1958. 406 p.
   E185.W895 1958

Young, Herman A., and Barbara H. Young. Scientists in the Black perspective. Sponsored by the Lincoln Foundation. s.l., s.n., 1974. 185 p.
   Q147.Y68
   Bibliography: p. 174-181.

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COLLECTIVE BIOGRAPHIES

Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority. Women in medicine. Chicago, 1971. 32 p. (Heritage series, no. 4)
   R692.A48 1971

American Black scientists and inventors. Edited by Edward S. Jenkins ... et al. Washington, National Science Teachers Association, 1975. 79 p.
   Q141.A46
   Also available as ED176 983 <MicRR>
   Includes bibliographies.

Black mathematicians and their works. Edited by Virginia K. Newell and others. Ardmore, Pa., Dorrance, c1980. 327 p.
   QA28.B58 <SciRR>
   Includes bibliographies.

Bontemps, Arna Wendell. 100 years of Negro freedom. New York, Dodd, Mead, 1961. 276 p.
   E185.6.B74
   Includes bibliography.

Brawley, Benjamin Griffith. Negro builders and heroes. Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press, 1937. 315 p.
   E185.96.B797
   "Bibliographical notes": p. 293-304.

Carwell, Hattie. Blacks in science: astrophysicist to zoologist. Hicksville, N.Y., Exposition Press, c1977. 95 p.
   Q141.C23
   Bibliography: p. 93-94.

Contemporary Black America. Prepared by Edit, Inc., with Onnie Kirk and others. Nashville, Southwestern Co., c1980. 530 p.
   E185.C75 1980
   See especially p. 260-288.
   Examines modern Black America and provides biographies of prominent Black Americans in government and politics, business, sports, and other professions.

Contemporary minority leaders in nursing: Afro-American, Hispanic, Native American perspectives. Edited by Helen S. Miller, Ernest D. Mason. Kansas City, Mo., American Nurses' Association, c1983. 155 p.
   RT63.C66 1983
   Includes bibliographies.

Contributions of Black women to America. Edited by Marianna W. Davis. Columbia, S.C., Kenday Press, 1982, c1981. 2 v.
   E185.86.C585 1982 MRR
   See especially v. 2, p. 357-471.
   Includes bibliographies.

Dabbs, Henry. A first edition reference work on Black brass: Black generals and admirals in the Armed Forces of the United States. Freehold, N.J., Afro-American Heritage House, 1984, c1983. 228 p.
   U52.D33 1984
   Bibliography: p. 215-217.

Dannett, Sylvia G. L. Profiles of Negro womanhood. Yonkers, N.Y., Educational Heritage, 1964-66. 2 v.
   E185.96.D25
   Contents: v. 1. 1619-1900.--v. 2. 20th century.
   Includes bibliographies.

Dictionary of American Negro biography. Edited by Rayford W. Logan and Michael R. Winston. New York, Norton, c1982. 680 p.
   E185.96.D53 1982

Greene, Harry Washington. Holders of doctorates among American Negroes; an educational and social study of Negroes who have earned doctoral degrees in course, 1876-1943. Boston, Meador Pub. Co., 1946. 275 p.
   LC2781.G7

Guthrie, Robert V. Even the rat was white: a historical view of psychology. New York, Harper & Row, c1976. 224 p.
   BF105.G87
   Bibliography: p. 209-217.

Ho, James K. K. Black engineers in the United States--a directory. Washington, Howard University Press, 1974. 281 p.
   TA12.H6 <SciRR>

Homespun heroines and other women of distinction. Compiled by Hallie Q. Brown. New York, Oxford University Press, 1988. 248 p.
   E185.96.H65 1988
   Previously published in 1926.

Jackson, George F. Black women, makers of history: a portrait. Rev. ed. Sacramento, Fong & Fong, c1977. 289 p.
   E185.96.J25 1977 MRR-BIOG
   Bibliography: p. 291-292.

Johnson, Hayden C. The Fighting 99th Air Squadron, 1941-45. New York, Vantage Press, c1987. 49 p.
   D790.J57 1987

Klein, Aaron E. The hidden contributors: Black scientists and inventors in America. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1971. 203 p.
   E185.8.K56

Lee, Irvin H. Negro Medal of Honor men. 3d ed., new and enl. New York, Dodd, Mead, 1969. 156 p.
   UB433.L4 1969
   Bibliography: p. 142.

Majors, Monroe Alphus. Noted Negro women, their triumphs and activities. Freeport, N.Y., Books for Libraries Press, 1971, c1893. 365 p.
   E185.96.M23 1971 MRR-BIOG.

Moutoussamy-Ashe, Jeanne. Viewfinders: Black women photographers. New York, Dodd, Mead, c1986. 201 p.
   TR139.M63 1986
   Bibliography: p. 192-195.

Peters, Raymond Eugene, and Clinton M. Arnold. Black Americans in aviation. San Diego, Neyenesch Printers, c1975. 85 p.
   TL553.P47
   Bibliography: p. 83.

Robinson, Wilhelmena S. Historical Negro biographies. 2d ed., rev. New York, Publishers Co., 1969. 291 p.
   E185.96.R56 1969
   Published under the auspices of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History.
   Bibliography: p. 271-281.

Rogers, J. A. World's great men of color. Edited with an introd., commentary, and new bibliographical notes by John Henrik Clark. New York, Macmillan, 1972, c1946-47. 2 v.
   DT18.R592
   Includes bibliographies.

Sammons, Vivian O. Blacks in science and medicine. New York, Hemisphere Pub. Corp., c1990. 293 p.
   Q141.B58 1990 <SciRR>
   Bibliography: p. 261-268.

Simmons, William J. Men of mark; eminent, progressive and rising. Cleveland, Baltimore, The Rewell Pub. Co., 1891. 736 p.
   E185.96.S5

Spradling, Mary Mace. In black and white: Afro-Americans in print; a guide to Afro-Americans who have made contributions to the United States of America from 1619 to 1969. Kalamazoo, Mich., Kalamazoo Library System, 1971. 127 p.
   Z1361.N39S653
   Bibliography: p. 123-127.

Spradling, Mary Mace. In Black and white: a guide to magazine articles, newspaper articles, and books concerning more than 15,000 Black individuals and groups. 3d ed. Detroit, Gale Research Co., c1980. 2 v. (1282 p.)
   Z1361.N39S655 1980 MRR-BIOG
   Bibliography: p. 1267-1282.

----- In Black and white. Supplement: a guide to magazine articles, newspaper articles, and books concerning more than 6,700 Black individuals and groups. 3rd ed. Detroit, Gale, c1985. 628 p.
   Z1361.N39S655 1980 Suppl. MRR-BIOG
   Bibliography: p. 621-628.

Webb, Harvey, and Lloyd Cecil Rhodes. The book of presidents: leaders of organized dentistry. Charlottesville, Va., National Dental Association, 1977. 63 p.
   RK1.N33W43
   Biographies of over 50 presidents of the National Dental Association from its beginning in 1913 until 1977. Birth and death dates, educational backgrounds and outstanding achievements in the field of dentistry are given for all of these dentists.

Western Electric Company, Inc. Legacy for all; a record of achievements by Black American scientists. New York, 19??. 27 p.
   Q149.U5W48
   Bibliography: p. 27.

Who's who among Black Americans. 1975/1976- Northbrook, Ill., Who's Who Among Black Americans, Inc., Pub. Co.
   E185.96.W52

Who's who in colored America: a biographical dictionary of notable living persons of Negro descent in America. New York, Who's Who in Colored America Corp., c1927-1950.
   E185.96.W54 MRR-BIOG

Williams, James C., comp. At last recognition in America: a reference handbook of unknown Black inventors and their contributions to America. Chicago, B.C.A. Pub. Corp., c1978-
   T39.W54

Willis-Thomas, Deborah. An illustrated bio-bibliography of Black photographers, 1940-1988. New York, Garland, 1989. 483 p. (Garland reference library of the humanities, 760)
   TR139.W55 1989
   Bibliography: p. 475-478.

Willis-Thomas, Deborah. Black photographers, 1840-1940: an illustrated biobibliography. New York, Garland, 1985. 141 p. (Garland reference library of the humanities, 401)
   TR139.W55 1985

Juvenile literature:

Adams, Russell L. Great Negroes, past and present. Illustrated by Eugene Winslow. Edited by David P. Ross, Jr. 3rd ed. Chicago, Afro-American Pub. Co., 1969. 212 p.
   E185.96.A4 1969 MRR
   Bibliography: p. 207-208.

Haber, Louis. Black pioneers of science and invention. New York, Harcourt, Brace & World, 1970. 181 p.
   Q141.H2
   Bibliography: p. 168-176.

Hayden, Robert C. Eight Black American inventors. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, 1972. 142 p.
   E185.8.H35

----- Seven Black American scientists. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, c1970. 172 p.
   Q141.H38

Hayden, Robert C., and Jacqueline L. Harris. Nine Black American doctors. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, c1976. 144 p.
   R153.H39

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INDIVIDUAL BIOGRAPHIES

Adair, Gene. George Washington Carver. New York, Chelsea House, c1989. 110 p.
   S417.C3A63 1989
   A biography of the Afro-American whose scientific research revolutionized the economy of the South.
   Bibliography: p. 108.

Allen, Will W. Banneker: the Afro-American astronomer. From data collected by Will W. Allen assisted by Daniel Murray. Freeport, N.Y., Books for Libraries Press, 1971. 80 p.
   QB36.B22A4 1971
   Reprint of the 1921 ed.

Bedini, Silvio A. The life of Benjamin Banneker. New York, Scribner, 1971, c1972. 434 p.
   QB36.B22B4
   Bibliography: p. 377-406.

Buckler, Helen. Daniel Hale Williams, Negro surgeon. 2d ed. New York, Pitman Pub. Corp., 1968. 381 p.
   R154.W5225B8 1968
   First ed. published in 1954 under title Doctor Dan, Pioneer in American Surgery.

Cotton, Barbara R. Non verba opera = Not words but works: the biography of Joseph Howard Griffin, M.D. Tallahassee, Fla., B. R. Cotton, c1980. 216 l.
   R154.G7679C67
   Bibliography: leaves 213-216.

Du Bois, Shirley Graham. Your most humble servant. New York, Messner, 1949. 235 p.
   QB36.B22D80

Fenderson, Lewis H. Daniel Hale Williams: open-heart doctor. New York, McGraw-Hill, c1971. 128 p.
   R695.F45

Fletcher, Marvin. America's first Black general: Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., 1880-1970. Lawrence, Kan., University Press of Kansas, c1989. 226 p.
   U53.D38F57 1989
   Bibliography: p. 211-218.

Hardwick, Richard. Charles Richard Drew, pioneer in blood research. New York, Scribner, 1967. 144 p.
   QP26.D7H3
   Bibliography: p. 142.

Henson, Matthew Alexander, 1866-1955. A Negro explorer at the North Pole. New York, Arno Press, 1969. 200 p.
   G670 1909.H4A32
   Reprint of the 1912 ed.

James Van DerZee Institute. The Black photographer (1908-1970): a survey. New York? 1971. 36 p.
   TR646.U6A54
   Exhibition organized by the James Van DerZee Institute in conjunction with the Addison Gallery of American Art; held at the Addison Gallery, Feb. 19-Apr. 4, 1971.

Kitchens, John W., and Lynn B. Kitchens, eds. Carver, George Washington. Tuskegee Institute, United States National Historical Publications and Records Commission, joint author. Guide to the microfilm edition of the George Washington Carver papers at Tuskegee Institute. Tuskegee, Ala., Division of Behavioral Science Research, Carver Research Foundation, Tuskegee Institute, 1975. 50 p.
   Z6616.C34K58
   "Sponsored by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission."

Lichello, Robert. Pioneer in blood plasma: Dr. Charles Richard Drew. New York, J. Messner, 1968. 190 p.
   R154.D75L5
   Bibliography: p. 185.

Mahone-Lonesome, Robyn. Charles Drew. New York, Chelsea House Publishers, c1990. 109 p.
   RD27.35.D74M34 1990
   Bibliography: p. 106.

Manning, Kenneth R. Black Apollo of science: the life of Ernest Everett Just. New York, Oxford University Press, 1983. 397 p.
   QH31.J83M36 1983 <SciRR> "Publications by E. E. Just:" p. 331-334.
   Includes bibliographical references.

McGovern, James R. Black Eagle: General Daniel "Chappie" James, Jr. University, Ala., University of Alabama Press, c1985. 204 p.
   UG626.2.J36M34 1985
   Bibliography: p. 187-194.

McMurry, Linda O. George Washington Carver, scientist and symbol. New York, Oxford University Press, 1981. 367 p.
   S417.C3M3
   Includes bibliographical references.

Parks, Gordon. A choice of weapons. St. Paul, Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1986. 274 p.
   TR140.P35A3 1986
   Reprint. Originally published: New York, Harper & Row, 1966.

Patterson, Lillie. Benjamin Banneker, genius of early America. Nashville, Abingdon, c1978. 142 p.
   QB36.B22P38
   Bibliography: p. 141-142.

Perry, John Edward. Forty cords of wood: memoirs of a medical doctor. Jefferson City, Mo., Lincoln University, 1947. 459 p.
   R154.P43A3

Peyton, Thomas Roy. Quest for dignity: an autobiography of a Negro doctor. Rev. reprinting. Los Angeles, Publishers Western, 1963, c1950. 160 p.
   R154.P49A3 1963

Poindexter, Hildrus Augustus. My world of reality (an autobiography). Detroit, Balamp Pub., 1973. 342 p.
   R695.P64

Scally, M. Anthony. Medicine, motherhood, and mercy: the story of a Black woman doctor. Washington, Associated Publishers, c1979. 121 p.
   R154.E433S33 1979
   Bibliography: p. 119-121.

Still, James. Early recollections and life of Dr. James Still, 1812-1885. New Brunswick, N.J., Rutgers University Press, 1973, c1877. 274 p.
   R154.S8348A33 1973
   Reprint of the ed. published by Lippincott, Philadelphia, with a new historical sketch by M. Cridland.

Wynes, Charles E. Charles Richard Drew: the man and the myth. Urbana, University of Illinois Press, c1988. 132 p.
   RD27.35.D74W96 1988
   Bibliography: p. 121-123.

Juvenile Literature:

Dolan, Edward F. Matthew Henson, Black explorer. New York, Dodd, Mead, c1979. 193 p.
   G635.H4D64
   Bibliography: p. 183-184.

Gilman, Michael. Matthew Henson. New York, Chelsea House Publishers, c1988. 110 p.
   G635.H4G55 1988
   Bibliography: p. 108.
   Follows the life of the Black explorer who accompanied Robert Peary on the expedition to the North Pole.

Haskins, James, and Kathleen Benson. Space challenger: the story of Guion Bluford: an authorized biography. Minneapolis, Carolrhoda Books, c1984. 64 p.
   TL789.85.B58H37 1984

Haskins, James. James Van DerZee, the picture-takin' man. New York, Dodd, Mead, c1979. 256 p.
   TR140.V37H37

Krass, Peter. Sojourner Truth. New York, Chelsea House, c1988. 110 p.
   E185.97.T8K73 1988
   Bibliography: p. 108.

Mitchell, Barbara. Shoes for everyone: a story about Jan Matzeliger. Minneapolis, Carolrhoda Books, c1986. 63 p.
   TS990.M335M58 1986

Ott, Virginia, and Gloria Borseth Swanson. Man with a million ideas: Fred Jones, genius/inventor. Minneapolis, Lerner Publications Co., c1977. 109 p.
   T40.J59087 1977

Patterson, Lillie. Sure hands, strong heart: the life of Daniel Hale Williams. Nashville, Abingdon, c1981. 159 p. R
   RD27.35.W54P37
   Bibliography: p. 157-159.

Pitrone, Jean Maddern. Trailblazer: Negro nurse in the American Red Cross. New York, Harcourt, Brace & World, 1969. 191 p.
   RT37.D3P5

Verheyden-Hilliard, Mary Ellen. Mathematician and administrator, Shirley Mathis McBays. Bethesda, Md., Equity Institute, c1985. 31 p.
   QA29.M38V47 1985

----- Scientist and administrator, Antoinette Rodez Schiesler. Bethesda, Md., Equity Institute, c1985. 31 p.
   QD22.S34V47 1985

----- Scientist and strategist, June Rooks. Bethesda, Md., Equity Institute, c1988. 31 p.
   Q143.R58V47 1988

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STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEWS AND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Crowley, Michael F. Women and minorities in science and engineering. Washington, National Science Foundation; For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1977. 24 p.
   Q149.U5C76
   "NSF 77-304."

The GEM experience: an American education success story: proceedings, October 18 & 19, 1983. Co-sponsors, National Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Engineering, Inc., American Association for the Advancement of Science; host, The Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory. Notre Dame, Ind., National Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Engineering, c1984. 147 p.
   TA157.G37 1984

Macy Conference on Negroes for Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., 1967. Negroes for medicine: report of a Macy conference. Edited by Lee Cogan. Baltimore, Published for the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation by the Johns Hopkins Press, 1968. 71 p.
   R695.M28 1967c

Minorities and women in science and technology: transcript of proceedings, Congressional Black Caucus, Washington, D.C., Friday, 25 September 1981. Washington, Ace-Federal Reporters, 1981. 204 l.
   Q130.M56

Walsh, John. Minorities in medicine: report of a conference. New York, Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation, c1977. 42 p.
   R745.W34

Women and minorities in science: strategies for increasing participation. Sheila M. Humphreys, American Association for the Advancement of Science. Boulder, Colo., Published by Westview Press for the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1982. 218 p. (AAAS selected symposium; v. 66)
   Q130.W65
   "Based on a symposium ... held at the 1980 AAAS national annual meeting in San Francisco, California, January 3-8."

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ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES

Abstracting and indexing services that index relevant journal articles and other literature on Blacks in the sciences and related disciplines in the sciences are listed below. Consult reference librarian for locations of these materials in Science Reading Room; some are available in CD-ROM format.

General Science Index (1946 - )
   Z7401.G46 <SciRR>
   See: Blacks

Index to Black Periodicals (1941 - )
   AI3.04
   See: Subject headings of interest, e.g., Architects, Astronauts, Biologists, Chemical Engineers, Chemists, Dentists, Engineers, Inventors, Mathematicians, Medical Personnel, Midwives, Military Officers, Nurses, Pharmacists, Physicians, Pilots, Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Scientists, Soldiers, Surgeons, Women Engineers, Women in Science, Women Scientists

Magazine Index (1981 - )
   Available in several formats at LC
   See: Afro-American Air Pilots
   Afro-American Astronauts
   Afro-American Dentists
   Afro-American Engineers
   Afro-American Inventors
   Afro-American Nurses
   Afro-American Photographers
   Afro-American Physicians
   Afro-American Psychologists
   Afro-American Sailors
   Afro-American Soldiers
   Afro-American Troops
   Afro-American Veterans
   Afro-Americans in Aeronautics
   Afro-Americans in Medicine
   Afro-Americans in Veterinary Medicine

Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature (1900 - )
   AI3.R45
   See: Blacks
   Women Mathematicians
   Women Scientists

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JOURNALS

Journals that often contain relevant articles on Blacks in the sciences include the following:

Black Collegian LC2781.B45
Black Enterprise
E185.8.B5
Black Scholar E185.5.B575
Black World (formerly Negro Digest) E185.5.N3815
Crisis
E185.5.C9
Ebony AP2.E165
Journal of Black Studies E185.5.J8
Journal of Negro Education LC2701.J6
Journal of Negro History E185.J86
Journal of the National Medical Association R15.N2914
Negro History Bulletin E185.5.N383

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REPRESENTATIVE JOURNAL ARTICLES

Bennett, Lerone, Jr. Chronicles of Black courage. Ebony, v. 38, Sept. 1983: 131- 134.
   AP2.E165

Black inventors: past and present. Black enterprise, v. 5, July 1975: 32, 35-36.
   E185.8.B5

Blacks who overcame the odds. Ebony, v. 42, Dec. 1986: 68.
   AP2.E165

Brock, Pope. Chief Anderson; when the skies were unfriendly, this pioneer aviator opened the blue yonder to Blacks. People, v. 30, Nov. 28, 1988: 149-150, 152, 154, 156.
   AP2.P417

Brown, Roxanne. Dollie Bennett: Haiti's good samaritan; Detroit nurse braves hardships to provide free medical aid for thousands in an area void of physicians, electricity and running water. Ebony, v. 44, Nov. 1988: 64, 66, 68, 71.
   AP2.E165

Brown, Roxanne. A family practice: father and six children make the world of medicine a way of life. Ebony, v. 43, July 1988: 84, 86, 88.
   AP2.E165

Campbell, Bebe Moore. Wanted, engineers and scientists. Black enterprise, v. 11, Feb. 1981: 30-35.
   E185.8.B5

Claude Organ, Jr.: super surgeon; noted physician, professor and author has soared to the top of his field. Ebony, v. 42, Jan. 1987: 88, 90, 92, 95.
   AP2.E165

Cowin, Roy. Minorities in engineering. Black collegian, v. 13, Dec. 1981/Jan. 1982: 140, 142, 147.
   LC2781.B45

Dorn, Edwin, and P. Butler. Blacks in the military. Focus, v. 11, Mar. 1983: 3-6.
   E185.5.F6

Dozier, Richard. The Black architectural experience in America. AIA journal, v. 65, July 1976: 162-164, 166, 168.
   NA1.A326

Frierson, Henry T., Jr. Minority participation in R&D: developing an undergraduate feeder system. Journal of Negro education, v. 50, fall 1981: 401-406.
   LC2701.J6

George, Yolanda Scott. The status of Black women in science. Black collegian, v. 9, May/June 1979: 64, 68-72, 114.
   LC781.B45

Goldsmith, Marsha F., Charles Marwick, and Carin Olson. Minority physician training: critical for improving overall health of nation. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, v. 261, Jan. 13, 1989: 187-189.
   R15.A48

Gould, Stephen Jay. Just in the middle: a solution to the mechanist-vitalist controversy. Natural history, v. 93, Jan. 1984: 24.
   QH1.N13

Hairston, Deborah W. On the threshold of discovery. (Black scientists are pioneering in laboratory research) Black enterprise, v. 15, Feb. 1985: 49.
   E185.8.B5

Hall, Eleanor R., and Phyllis Post-Kammer. Black mathematics and science majors: why so few? Career development quarterly, v. 35, Mar. 1987: 206-219.
   HF5381.A1V55

Harris-Hurd, Laura. Engineering: it is quickly becoming the career choice of the decade for Blacks. Black enterprise, v. 5, Mar. 1975: 57-60.
   E185.8.B5

Image maker: the artistry of Moneta Sleet Jr.; Pulitzer Prize-winning Ebony photojournalist exhibits 30 years of acclaimed pictures. Ebony, v. 42, Jan. 1987: 66-68, 70-72, 74.
   AP2.E165

Kenschaft, Patricia C. Black women in mathematics in the United States. American mathematical monthly, v. 88, Oct. 1981: 592-603.
   QA1.A515

Lloyd, Sterling M., Jr., and Russell L. Miller. Black student enrollment in US medical schools. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, v. 261, Jan. 13, 1989: 272-274.
   R15.A48

Long, Michael J. Specialty choice of Black medical school graduates. Journal of medical education, v. 55, May 1980: 409-414.
   R11.A94

Marshall, Marilyn. Child of the '60s set to become first Black woman in space. Special Report: 25 Years After the Civil Rights Act of 1964. What's Changed? What Hasn't? Ebony, v. 44, Aug. 1989: 50, 52, 54-55.
   AP2.E165

Moore, Deedee. Shooting straight: the many worlds of Gordon Parks. Smithsonian, v. 20, Apr. 1989: 66-72, 74, 76-77.
   AS30.S6

Richardson, Alfred L. Blacks and professional engineering societies. Black collegian, v. 9, Jan./Feb. 1979: 72-74, 76, 78, 140, 144-147.
   LC2781.B45

Schmidt, Peter, and Donald H. Avery. Complex iron smelting and pre-historic culture in Tanzania. Science, v. 201, Sept. 22, 1978: 1085-1089.
   Q1.S35

Seminar series honors Blacks in science and technology. [Reported by] Paula Quick Hall. Science, v. 216, Apr. 2, 1982: 43-44.
   Q1.S35

Slaughter, John B. The Black American: a vision for the future with special emphasis on science. Negro history bulletin, v. 36, Jan./Feb./Mar. 1983: 24.
   E185.5.N383

White, Frank, III. Black architects: shapers of urban America. Ebony, v. 38, July 1983: 62-64, 68.
   AP2.E165

----- Lady pioneer in the oil fields. (Black woman geophysicist) Ebony, v. 39, Jan. 1984: 60.
   AP2.E165

Williams, Paul S. Blacks who overcame the odds. (Part I) Ebony, v. 42, Nov. 1986: 148.
   AP2.E165

Young, Herman A., and Barbara H. Young. Science and Black studies. Journal of Negro education, v. 46, fall 1977: 380-387.
   LC2701.J6

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SELECTED MATERIALS

Selected materials available in the Science Reading Room pamphlet boxes include the following:

Baker, Henry Edwin. The Negro in the field of invention. Journal of Negro history, v. 2, Jan. 1917: 21-36.

Clarke, John Henrik. African-Americans in science and invention: a bibliographical guide. Journal of African civilizations, v. 1, Nov. 1979: 82-84.

Hayden, Robert C. Black Americans in the field of science and invention. Journal of African civilizations, v. 1, Nov. 1979: 59-72.

Inventions by Blacks 1871-1900. In The Afro American, compiled and edited by Harry A. Ploski and Warren Marr II. New York, Bellwether Co., 1976. p. 797-804.

Julian, Percy L. On being scientist, humanist, and Negro. In Wormley, Stanton L., and Lewis H. Fenderson. Many shades of Black. New York, William Morrow and Co., 1969. p. 147-157.

Meade, George P. A Negro scientist of slavery days. Scientific monthly, v. 62, Apr. 1946: 317-326.
   "Little known story of Norbert Rillieux, Negro engineer, inventor, and scientist of ante-bellum days."

Miller, Kelly. The historic background of the Negro physician. Journal of Negro history, v. 1, Apr. 1916: 99-109.

Nabrit, Samuel. There but for the grace of God go I. In Wormley, Stanton L., and Lewis H. Fenderson. Many shades of Black. New York, William Morrow and Co., 1969. p. 161-172.

Pearson, Willie, Jr., and LaRue C. Pearson. Baccalaureate origins of Black American scientists: a cohort analysis. Journal of Negro education, v. 54, winter 1985: 24-34.
   Seeks to "identify those undergraduate institutions that are most productive in the development of Black Ph.D. scientists and to explore the impact of major civil rights legislation on the types of undergraduate institutions producing Black scientific talent."

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ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION

African-American Resource Center
Howard University
P.O. Box 746
Washington, D.C. 20059
Telephone: (202) 636-7242

Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History, Inc.
1407 14th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20005
Telephone: (202) 667-2822

Black Resources Information Coordinating Services, Inc.
614 Howard Avenue
Tallahassee, Florida 32304
Telephone: (904) 576-7522

Moorland-Spingarn Research Center
Howard University
500 Howard Place, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20059
Telephone: (202) 636-7260

National Medical Association
1012 10th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20001
Telephone: (202) 347-1895

National Technical Association, Inc.
Southern Building, Suite 701
P.O. Box 27787
1425 H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20005
Telephone: (202) 829-6100

New York Public Library
Research Libraries
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
515 Malcolm X Boulevard
New York, New York 10037
Telephone: (212) 862-4000

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