A:
AIRD: Aquatic Invasions Research Directory - A free database designed to promote information transfer, coordination, and collaborative research on the invasion of aquatic ecosystems. [Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center]

Air-Sea Interaction and Climate Research - Research is carried out to apply space-based observations, ground-based measurements, and numerical model to study the coupled ocean-atmosphere system [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)]

Alaska Fisheries Science Center (ASFC) - Expertise in understanding, managing, and conserving the region's living marine resources [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

Arctic Report Card - A timely source for clear, reliable and concise environmental information on the current state of the Arctic relative to historical time records. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) - Conduct a basic and applied research program in oceanography, tropical meteorology, atmospheric and oceanic chemistry, and acoustics [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)]

B:
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management - BOEM manages the development of offshore energy and mineral resources appropriately balancing economic development, energy independence, and environmental protection. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI)]

Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs - Portfolio of issues of interest to the Department of State related to science, the environment, and the world's oceans [Ad Hoc Organizations, Department of State, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs]

Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement - Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) was created to enforce safety and environmental regulations. Functions include: All field operations including Permitting and Research, Inspections, Offshore Regulatory Programs, Oil Spill Response, and newly formed Training and Environmental Compliance functions. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI)]

C:
CSCOR: Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research - Understanding and predicting the impacts of natural and anthropogenic influences on coastal regional ecosystems, communities, and economies. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Can it rain frogs, fish, and other objects? - Everyday Mysteries - Everyday Mysteries: Fun Science Facts from the Library of Congress [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) and the World Data Center for Atmospheric Trace Gases - Information on the greenhouse effect and global climate change [U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)]

Center for Coastal & Watershed Studies - St. Petersburg, Florida - Homepage for the Center for Coastal & Regional Marine Studies with links to newsletter, projects, products, location, and contacts [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research (CCEHBR) - Conducts interdisciplinary research to resolve issues related to coastal ecosystems health and environmental quality, including public health impacts [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research (CCFHR) - Provides information necessary to enhance recreational and commercial fishery [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA) - Monitors, surveys, and assesses coastal environmental quality, habitats, and resource distribution [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS) - Distributes historical and real-time observations and predictions of water levels, coastal currents and other meteorological and oceanographic data [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

Coastal Shoreline Website - Informs you about the development of the Shoreline Data Content Standard and provides other shoreline information [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Coastal Water Temperature Guide - Shows the average water temperatures for U.S. coasts [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)]

Coastal and Marine Geology Program interactive map server - Interactive map server for viewing and creating maps using available coastal and marine geology data sets for offshore and coastal U.S. and the Gulf of Mexico with links to available data and metadata that can be downloaded. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program]

Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the USGS - Describes marine and coastal geologic systems [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Coral Reef Conservation Program - Provides links to important coral reef information [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Coral Reef Data & Information (CoRIS) - Provides a coral reef data and information management system that integrates biological data from reef ecosystem monitoring and research programs [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), The National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)]

D:
Data Explorer - Obtain Coastal photographic images, Coastal survey maps, Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) maps, Historical Maps and Charts, Hydrographic Survey Outlines, and Nautical Charts [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

Dive and discover: expeditions to the seafloor - Distance learning Website. [Multiple agencies involved]

Diving Program - News about the NOAA Diving Program [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

E:
Earth - Explores the Earth's air, land and seas to learn more about our home planet and understand how other planetary systems may work [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)]

Earth Day: Selected Resources - Science Reference Guide - Finding guide from the Library of Congress, Science Reference Section [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

Earth Observatory - Obtain new satellite imagery and scientific information about our home planet [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)]

Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Center - Access to products archived at the EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, SD, including aerial photography, remote sensing data, satellite imagery, maps, and elevation data with product search retrieval and ordering information [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC)]

Earth’s Water Cycle in a Changing Climate - Webcast of a presentation at the Library of Congress by Peter Hildebrand, chief of the Hydrospheric and Biospheric Sciences Laboratory at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC), Science, Technology and Business Division]

El Nino - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) - Contains information on both the warm and cold extremes [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

El Nino Theme Web Site - Access to information about El Nino [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Endangered Species Program - Information on conserving and restoring endangered and threatened species and the ecosystems upon which they depend [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]

Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) - Research in data assimilation and global, mesoscale, ocean, and climate modeling [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)]

Estuarine Bathymetry - Digital raster compilation of hydrographic survey data for selected U.S. estuaries [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS)]

G:
Geology in the Eastern Region - Homepage with links to major research programs and teams: Mineral Resources, Minerals Information, Energy Resources, Earth Surface Processes, and Coastal and Marine Geology Field Centers [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) - Research expands the scientific understanding of the physical processes that govern the behavior of the atmosphere and the oceans as complex fluid systems [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)]

Geosciences - Research programs support research and related activities that advance fundamental understanding of dynamic physical, biological, and socioeconomic systems as well as interactions among those systems [U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)]

Geostationary Satellite (GOES) Server - Data from the geostationary satellite [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Satellite Services Division]

Glacier Studies - NASA and USGS scientists are carrying out experimental geodetic airborne, satellite laser altimetry, radar interferometric, and other remote-sensing surveys of glaciers [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Eastern Earth Surface Processes Team]

Glossary of Coastal Engineering Terms - [U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)]

Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System (GoMOOS) - Provides sustained real-time information about the ocean in the Gulf of Maine [U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Navy]

Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Website of the Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science program to understand the framework and processes of the Gulf of Mexico using Tampa Bay as a pilot study. Links to publications, digital library, water chemistry maps, epipytes,and field trips. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

H:
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) - Provides information on Red Tides. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science]

Harmful Algal Blooms Observing Systems (HABSOS) - The Harmful Algal Blooms Observing System (HABSOS) developed by the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC) is an information management system for organizing and viewing HAB data and maps of HAB events in the Gulf of Mexico. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Coastal Data Development Center]

Hurricane and extreme storm impact studies - Homepage for programs of the Center for Coastal Geology on hurricanes and extreme storms with links to technology, related aerial photography, hurricanes, El Nino, northeasters, and specific storms. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program]

I:
Integrated Ocean Observing System - IOOS is a coordinated network of people and technology that work together to generate and disseminate continuous data on our coastal waters, Great Lakes, and oceans. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

L:
Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry (LSA) - Specializes in the analysis of satellite altimeter data related to problems in physical oceanography and marine geophysics [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Research and Applications]

M:
Mapping Water Use from Space - Webcast - Webcast of a talk at the Library of Congress. Martha Anderson, PhD., talks about using images from the Landsat satellite program to monitor water use and drought on U.S. farms. It is used to measure evapotranspiration, the total amount of water used in the process of growing crops. [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

Marine Geology and Geophysics - Data from the ocean floor [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)]

Marine Mammal Commission - The Commission was created under Title II of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, which took effect on 21 December of that year. The Commission's primary focus and duties are the protection and conservation of marine mammals. This site provides a single point of information on the activities, programs, and publications of the Marine Mammal Commission and its Committee of Scientific Advisors on Marine Mammals, and conveys other relevant information on the conservation and protection of mar [Ad Hoc Organizations]

Marine Realms Information Bank: topic search, geographic search - Searching by geography and topics to locate scientific information about oceans, lakes, marine environments and coastal environments. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Methane Hydrates Accelerated Research Initiative - The Ocean and Atmospheric Science and Technology Directorate performs research in the fields of acoustics, remote sensing, oceanography, marine geosciences, marine meteorology, and space science. [U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Navy, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)]

Monitor National Marine Sanctuary - The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary protects the wreck of the famed Civil War ironclad USS Monitor. It is one of 14 federally designated underwater areas managed by NOAA. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

My Winter in Greenland and Summer in Antarctica - Webcast at Library of Congress by Dr. Lora Koenig.,Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory at NASA, speaking about experiences spending months on the ice in challenging darkness, temperatures and winds. [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

N:
NBIC: National Ballast Information Clearinghouse - Data on the ballast water management practices of commercial ships that operate in the waters of the United States [Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Coast Guard]

NEMESIS: National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System - A resource for information on non-native (or exotic) species that occur in coastal marine waters of the United States [Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center]

NOAA CoastWatch Central Operations - Makes satellite data products and in-situ data from NOAA environmental buoys available [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

NOAA Coastal Geospatial Data - Provide the capability to access, synthesize, assess, and apply nationwide data sets to priority coastal issues such as estuarine eutrophication, essential fish habitat, coastal monitoring, and sustainable development [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

NOAA Marine Debris Program - The NOAA Marine Debris Program serves as a centralized marine debris capability within NOAA in order to coordinate, strengthen, and increase the visibility of marine debris issues and efforts within the agency, its partners, and the public. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

NOAA Photo Library - The collection spans centuries of time and much of the natural world from the center of the Earth to the surface of the Sun [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

NOAA Tides and Currents - Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services - Observations and monitoring of tides and currents including access to oceanographic products and services [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

NOAA's Teacher at Sea Program - NOAA program that allows grade school teachers the chance to do research at sea [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

National Ice Center (NIC) - Provides worldwide operational sea ice analyses and forecasts [Multiple agencies involved]

National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Publications - Browse their research publications [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) - Source of oceanographic data [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

National Systematics Laboratory - Serves as the taxonomic research arm of NOAA [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NFCS)]

Natural Disasters: A Guide to Selected Resources - Science Reference Guide - A finding guide from the Library of Congress, Science Reference Services [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) - A national information resource for locating biogeographic accounts of nonindigenous aquatic species in the U.S. Provided are scientific reports, online/realtime queries, spatial data sets, regional contact lists, and general information [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFCS) - Expertise in the marine resources of the Northeast Continental Shelf Ecosystem from the Gulf of Maine to Cape Hatteras [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC) - Responsible for providing scientific and technical support for the management, conservation, and development of the Pacific Northwest region's anadromous and marine fishery resources [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

O:
Observing the Living Oceans from Space. Webcast - A Webcast of a presentation by Gene Feldman, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS - USA) - Brings together marine biological occurrence data for more than 84,000 species in a standard format, with metadata, web-based discovery and download. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Core Science Systems (CSS), Core Science Analytics & Synthesis Program]

Ocean Biogeographic Information System USA - Brings together marine biological occurrence data in a standardized format in order to serve research and natural resource management needs. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Core Science Analytics and Synthesis (CSAS)]

Ocean Explorer - These pages offer a comprehensive look at NOAA's 200-year history of ocean exploration. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Ocean Portal - Interactive online experience that inspires awareness of the world’s Ocean [Smithsonian Institution]

Ocean Today - Provides access to current and archived videos of the Ocean Today kiosk exhibit from the Sant Ocean Hall in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Office of Coast Survey (OCS) - Obtain nautical charts, historical maps, and search for wreaks [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Office of Protected Resources - Provides information on protected and endangered marine life [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

Oil Spill Response - Maps, updates, imagery, data, and other details related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, 2010. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Operational Significant Event Imagery - Find high-resolution, detailed imagery of significant environmental events such as fires, floods, icebergs, severe weather, volcanoes [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

P:
Pacific Coral Reefs - Describes how the U.S. Geological Survey maps, monitors, and models coral reefs, provides links to current USGS reef research, and offers general information on reefs. [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center]

Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) - Carries out interdisciplinary scientific investigations in oceanography and atmospheric science and offers access to its ocean data [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)]

Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC) - Distributes data relevant to the physical state of the ocean [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)]

R:
Record Group 303: Records of the National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development, 1965 - 1971 - National Archives' Archival Research Catalog description for Record Group 303: Records of the National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development, 1965 - 1971 [U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)]

Record Group 37: Records of the Hydrographic Office, 1754 - 1971 - National Archives' Archival Research Catalog description for Record Group 37: Records of the Hydrographic Office, 1754 - 1971 [U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)]

Record Group 72: Records of the Bureau of Aeronautics, 1911 - 1965 - National Archives' Archival Research Catalog description for Record Group 72: Records of the Bureau of Aeronautics, 1911 - 1965 [U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)]

Record Group 78: Records of the U.S. Naval Observatory, 1840 - 1943 - National Archives' Archival Research Catalog description for Record Group 78: Records of the U.S. Naval Observatory, 1840 - 1943 [U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)]

Restore the Gulf - RestoretheGulf.gov is the official federal portal for the Deepwater BP oil spill response and recovery. [Multiple agencies involved]

Rip Current Safety - Overview, safety tips, forecasts, photos, headlines/saving lives, survivor stories, links, statistics, animation and glossary. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service (NWS)]

S:
Science and Technology in South Korea - Science Tracer Bullet [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

South Florida Ecosystem History Project - Project is designed to integrate studies from a number of researchers compiling data from terrestrial, marine, and freshwater ecosystems within south Florida. Links to publications, maps, posters, and data of studies [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]

Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) - Provides support to large marine ecosystems programs [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) - Conducts research on living marine resources and their environment throughout the Pacific and in the Antarctic [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)]

Sustainable Seas Expeditions - A project of underwater exploration and discovery of the marine world with special emphasis on the national marine sanctuaries of the United States [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

T:
The United States Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (NMOC) - Research in ocean dynamics, prediction, sciences, and geosciences [U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Navy, Naval Oceanography Portal]

Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Project (TAO) - Real-time data from moored ocean buoys for improved detection, understanding and prediction of El Nino and La Nina [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

TsunamiReady Information from NWS - TsunamiReady Program, developed by the National Weather Service, is designed to help cities, towns, counties, universities and other large sites in coastal areas reduce the potential for disastrous tsunami-related consequences. [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service (NWS)]

U:
U.S. Geological Survey Landcover Institute - Homepage for the National Land Cover Data (NLCD), a land cover classification scheme, for the United States based on data derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite data. Includes links to description, products, accuracy, and program partners [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program]

US Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility (FRF) - This facility is one of the most advanced facilities for studying coastal processes in the world [U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center]

V:
Visible Earth - A searchable directory of images, visualizations, and animations to the Earth [National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)]

Volcanoes –Near, Far and Really Far Away. Webcast - A Webcast of a presentation given by Ashley Davies, Asteroids, Comets and Satellites Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA. [U.S. Library of Congress (LOC)]

W:
WINDandSEA - A gateway to oceanic and atmospheric issues [U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)]

Wetlands, oceans, watersheds - The area that drains to a common waterway [U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)]

Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Geology Field Center - Site with links to projects of the field center of the Woods Hole Coastal Marine Geology Program on underwater areas between shorelines and the deep ocean, off the U.S. East Coast, the Gulf of Mexico, and in parts of the Caribbean and Great Lakes [U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)]