Climate Prediction Center - Monitoring & Data: ENSO Impacts on the U.S.

www.nws.noaa.gov

About Us
   Our Mission
   Who We Are

Contact Us
   CPC Information
   CPC Web Team

HOME > Climate & Weather Linkage > El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) > Historical El Nino/ La Nina episodes (1950-present)

Changes to the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)

Link to Previous Version of ONI (1971-2000 climatology)

Notice: Because of the high frequency filter applied to the ERSSTv3b data (Smith et al. 2008, J.Climate), ONI values may change up to two months after the initial "real time" value is posted. Therefore, the most recent ONI values should be considered an estimate.

DESCRIPTION: Warm (red) and cold (blue) episodes based on a threshold of +/- 0.5^oC for the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) [3 month running mean of ERSST.v3b SST anomalies in the Niño 3.4 region (5^oN-5^oS, 120^o-170^oW)], based on centered 30-year base periods updated every 5 years. For historical purposes cold and warm episodes (blue and red colored numbers) are defined when the threshold is met for a minimum of 5 consecutive over-lapping seasons.

Year	DJF	JFM	FMA	MAM	AMJ	MJJ	JJA	JAS	ASO	SON	OND	NDJ
1950	-1.4	-1.3	-1.2	-1.2	-1.1	-0.9	-0.6	-0.5	-0.4	-0.5	-0.6	-0.7
1951	-0.8	-0.6	-0.4	-0.2	0.0	0.4	0.6	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.9
1952	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
1953	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
1954	0.7	0.5	0.1	-0.4	-0.5	-0.5	-0.6	-0.7	-0.8	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7
1955	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.8	-0.8	-0.8	-0.8	-0.7	-1.1	-1.4	-1.7	-1.6
1956	-1.1	-0.8	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5
1957	-0.3	0.1	0.4	0.7	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.8
1958	1.8	1.6	1.2	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6
1959	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.2	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0
1960	-0.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
1961	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.3	-0.2	-0.1
1962	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2	0.0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.4	-0.5
1963	-0.4	-0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.8	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.3
1964	1.1	0.6	0.1	-0.4	-0.6	-0.6	-0.6	-0.7	-0.8	-0.8	-0.8	-0.8
1965	-0.6	-0.3	0.0	0.2	0.5	0.8	1.2	1.5	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.7
1966	1.4	1.1	0.9	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	-0.2
1967	-0.3	-0.4	-0.5	-0.4	-0.2	0.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4
1968	-0.6	-0.8	-0.7	-0.5	-0.2	0.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.8	1.0
1969	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8
1970	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.1	-0.2	-0.5	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.8	-1.0
1971	-1.2	-1.3	-1.1	-0.8	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.8	-0.9	-0.8
1972	-0.6	-0.3	0.1	0.4	0.6	0.8	1.1	1.4	1.6	1.9	2.1	2.1
1973	1.8	1.2	0.6	-0.1	-0.5	-0.8	-1.0	-1.2	-1.3	-1.6	-1.9	-2.0
1974	-1.9	-1.6	-1.2	-1.0	-0.8	-0.7	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.6	-0.8	-0.7
1975	-0.5	-0.5	-0.6	-0.7	-0.8	-1.0	-1.1	-1.2	-1.4	-1.5	-1.6	-1.7
1976	-1.5	-1.1	-0.7	-0.5	-0.3	-0.1	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.8
1977	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8
1978	0.7	0.5	0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-0.4	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1
1979	-0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.6
1980	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.1
1981	-0.4	-0.6	-0.5	-0.4	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-0.4	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
1982	-0.1	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.7	1.0	1.5	1.9	2.1	2.2
1983	2.2	1.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	0.6	0.2	-0.2	-0.5	-0.8	-0.9	-0.8
1984	-0.5	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-0.5	-0.5	-0.3	-0.2	-0.3	-0.6	-0.9	-1.1
1985	-1.0	-0.9	-0.7	-0.7	-0.7	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.4
1986	-0.5	-0.4	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1	0.0	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.9	1.1	1.2
1987	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.1
1988	0.8	0.5	0.1	-0.2	-0.8	-1.2	-1.3	-1.2	-1.3	-1.6	-1.9	-1.9
1989	-1.7	-1.5	-1.1	-0.8	-0.6	-0.4	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.2	-0.1
1990	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4
1991	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.8	1.2	1.4
1992	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.0	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2	0.0
1993	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
1994	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.7	1.0	1.2
1995	1.0	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.0	-0.2	-0.4	-0.7	-0.8	-0.9	-0.9
1996	-0.9	-0.8	-0.6	-0.4	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-0.5
1997	-0.5	-0.4	-0.1	0.2	0.7	1.2	1.5	1.8	2.1	2.3	2.4	2.3
1998	2.2	1.8	1.4	0.9	0.4	-0.2	-0.7	-1.0	-1.2	-1.3	-1.4	-1.5
1999	-1.5	-1.3	-1.0	-0.9	-0.9	-1.0	-1.0	-1.1	-1.1	-1.3	-1.5	-1.7
2000	-1.7	-1.5	-1.2	-0.9	-0.8	-0.7	-0.6	-0.5	-0.6	-0.6	-0.8	-0.8
2001	-0.7	-0.6	-0.5	-0.4	-0.2	-0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3
2002	-0.2	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	1.2	1.3	1.3
2003	1.1	0.8	0.4	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3
2004	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7
2005	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	-0.2	-0.5	-0.8
2006	-0.9	-0.7	-0.5	-0.3	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.8	1.0	1.0
2007	0.7	0.3	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-0.6	-0.8	-1.1	-1.2	-1.4
2008	-1.5	-1.5	-1.2	-0.9	-0.7	-0.5	-0.3	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2	-0.5	-0.7
2009	-0.8	-0.7	-0.5	-0.2	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.8	1.1	1.4	1.6
2010	1.6	1.3	1.0	0.6	0.1	-0.4	-0.9	-1.2	-1.4	-1.5	-1.5	-1.5
2011	-1.4	-1.2	-0.9	-0.6	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2	-0.4	-0.6	-0.8	-1.0	-1.0
2012	-0.9	-0.6	-0.5	-0.3	-0.2	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	-0.3


NOAA/ National Weather Service NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction Climate Prediction Center 5830 University Research Court College Park, Maryland 20740 Page Author: Climate Prediction Center Internet Team Page last modified: February 4, 2013	Disclaimer Information Quality Credits Glossary	Privacy Policy Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) About Us Career Opportunities