NIH Research Matters
NIH Research Matters May 2010 Archive
May 24, 2010
Sickle Cell Disease May Affect Brain Function
Adults who have mild sickle cell disease scored lower than healthy participants on tests of brain function, suggesting that the blood disease may affect the brain more than previously realized. The new study is the first to examine cognitive functioning in adults with sickle cell disease.
Landmark Analysis Probes Nature vs. Nurture in Multiple Sclerosis
After an extensive genetic analysis, researchers were still unable to account for why, in 3 pairs of identical twins, one twin in each developed multiple sclerosis (MS) while the other didn't. The study represents the first female, twin and autoimmune disease genome sequences ever reported. The study doesn't question whether genes contribute to MS, but it strengthens the idea that environmental factors play an important role.
Neanderthal Genome Sequenced
Researchers have produced the first whole-genome sequence of the Neanderthal genome. The analysis provides the first genome-wide look at the similarities and differences of the closest evolutionary relative to humans.
May 10, 2010
Study Confirms New Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema
Researchers have found that eye injections of a medication, in combination with laser treatment, result in better vision than laser treatment alone for diabetes-associated swelling of the retina.
Patient's Whole Genome Reveals Disease and Medication Risks
Scientists have evaluated the entire genome of a 40-year-old man to determine his risk for dozens of diseases and his likely response to several common drugs. The study provides a glimpse of how whole-genome sequencing might one day be used in the clinic.
First Frog Genome Sequenced
Researchers published a draft genome of the western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis—the first amphibian genome to be sequenced. The accomplishment will not only yield insights into evolution; it could also lead to a better understanding of many human diseases.
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About NIH Research Matters
Harrison Wein, Ph.D., Editor
Vicki Contie, Assistant Editor
NIH Research Matters is a weekly update of NIH research highlights from the Office of Communications and Public Liaison, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health.
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