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Five-Factor Screener: Validation Results
RFMMB staff have assessed indirectly the validity of parts of the Five-Factor Screener
in two studies: NCI's Observing
Protein and Energy (OPEN) Study and the Eating at America's Table Study
(EATS). In both studies, multiple 24-hour recalls in conjunction with a measurement
error model were used to assess validity.
Table 1. Estimated mean F&V servings*, Fiber, Calcium, Dairy Servings, and Added Sugar from 24HR and screener and de-attenuated Pearson correlation coefficient between true intakea and screener, by gender: OPEN
| Dietary Factor |
N |
Mean (95% CI) |
De-attenuated Pearson
Correlation Coefficient (SEE) |
| 24HR |
Screener |
Difference |
| Total Pyramid servings of F&V* (square root) |
| 260 |
2.48 |
2.28 |
-0.212 |
0.58
(0.066) |
| 221 |
2.29 |
2.14 |
-0.162 |
0.73
(0.078) |
| Pyramid servings of F&V* -- Fries (square root) |
| 260 |
2.43 |
2.22 |
-0.212 |
0.61
(0.067) |
| 221 |
2.25 |
2.11 |
-0.152 |
0.74
(0.070) |
| Grams of Fiber (cube root) |
| 260 |
2.78 |
2.56 |
-0.222 |
0.52
(0.59) |
| 221 |
2.55 |
2.36 |
-0.182 |
0.54
(0.70) |
| Mgs of Calcium (fourth root) |
| 260 |
5.44 |
5.20 |
-0.252 |
0.59
(0.066) |
| 221 |
5.18 |
4.87 |
-0.312 |
0.44
(0.080) |
| Tsps of Added Sugar (cube root) |
| 260 |
2.61 |
2.58 |
-0.04 |
0.68
(0.039) |
| 222 |
2.39 |
2.29 |
-0.102 |
0.66
(0.045) |
| Servings of Dairy (square root) |
| 260 |
1.13 |
1.13 |
-0.00 |
0.64
(0.041) |
| 221 |
1.03 |
0.99 |
-0.04 |
0.64
(0.44) |
Table 2. Estimated mean F&V servings*, Fiber, Calcium, Dairy Servings, and Added Sugar from 24HR and screener and de-attenuated Pearson correlation coefficient between true intakea and screener, by gender: EATS
| Dietary Factor |
N |
Mean (95% CI) |
De-attenuated Pearson
Correlation Coefficient (SEE) |
| 24HR |
Screener |
Difference |
| Servings of Total F&V* (square root) |
| 184 |
2.44 |
2.36 |
-0.081 |
0.70
(0.058) |
| 247 |
2.07 |
2.11 |
0.04 |
0.54
(0.060) |
| Servings of F&V* -- Fries (square root) |
| 184 |
2.34 |
2.29 |
-0.05 |
0.72
(0.054) |
| 247 |
2.01 |
2.06 |
0.05 |
0.55
(0.058) |
| Grams of Fiber (cube root) |
| 184 |
2.73 |
2.59 |
-0.121 |
0.60
(0.059) |
| 247 |
2.41 |
2.35 |
-0.062 |
0.55
(0.054) |
| Mgs of Calcium (fourth root) |
| 184 |
5.42 |
5.26 |
-0.042 |
0.60
(0.061) |
| 247 |
5.01 |
4.93 |
-0.07 |
0.56
(0.053) |
| Tsps of Added Sugar (cube root) |
| 446 |
2.64 |
2.67 |
0.03 |
0.59
(0.037) |
| 519 |
2.32 |
2.35 |
0.03 |
0.66
(0.032) |
| Servings of Dairy (square root) |
| 446 |
1.15 |
1.17 |
0.03 |
0.74
(0.32) |
| 519 |
0.95 |
1.00 |
0.052 |
0.73
(0.029) |
Table 3. Median intakes of fruits and vegetables (Pyramid servings*) and added sugar (teaspoons) for NHANES 2001-02, NHIS 2005, and CHIS 2005 by gender and race/ethnicity
Gender and
Race/Ethnicity |
Pyramid Servings* of Fruits and Vegetables |
Teaspoons of Added Sugar |
NHANES 2001-02
(24HR) |
NHIS 2005
(9-item screener) |
NHANES 2001-02
(24HR) |
NHIS 2005
(4-item screener) |
| Men |
| 4.7 |
5.2 |
20.5 |
19.0 |
| 4.2 |
5.3 |
23.6 |
21.4 |
| 5.2 |
5.8 |
21.6 |
21.4 |
| Women |
| 4.2 |
4.4 |
14.0 |
12.8 |
| 3.5 |
4.3 |
19.3 |
15.5 |
| 4.0 |
4.6 |
16.3 |
14.5 |
Table 4. Median intakes of fiber (gm) and calcium (mg) for NHANES 2003-04 and NHIS 2005, by gender and race/ethnicity
Gender and
Race/Ethnicity |
Fiber (gm) |
Calcium (mg) |
NHANES 2003-04
(24HR) |
NHIS 2005
(18-item screener) |
NHANES 2003-04
(24HR) |
NHIS 2005
(2-item screener) |
| Men |
| 15.7 |
17.9 |
1061 |
876 |
| 12.7 |
17.4 |
787 |
753 |
| 17.2 |
22.3 |
917 |
864 |
| Women |
| 12.5 |
13.9 |
688 |
653 |
| 9.7 |
13.4 |
542 |
584 |
| 13.3 |
16.8 |
703 |
691 |
These validation results suggest that dietary exposure estimates computed for the 2005 NHIS Cancer Control Supplement (CCS) may be useful to compare subgroup means, especially for populations consuming mainstream diets. The estimates may be less useful for populations with more ethnic diets, including Asian and possibly Latino populations. Although significant error may be associated with these estimates of diet, we believe the exposure estimates still substantially reflect what individuals are actually consuming.
* Using 1992 Food Guide Pyramid definitions of servings.
a Estimated from multiple 24-hour dietary recalls in a measurement error model.
1 p < 0.05
2 p < 0.01
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