Preventive & Screening Services
The delivery of clinical preventive and screening services by community health care providers is an important aspect of cancer control. The Health Services
and Economics Branch supports a variety of research efforts designed to monitor trends in the use of these services and evaluate the factors that determine
the availability of, access to, and effectiveness of delivery of these services.
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Population-Based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens (PROSPR)
is a program that began in 2011. Its scientific goal is to support research to better understand how to improve the screening process (recruitment,
screening, diagnosis, referral for treatment) for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer.
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The NCI-sponsored Cancer Research Network (CRN), a consortium of 14 research organizations affiliated with health
maintenance organizations, has conducted major research projects on topics including improving eating habits, delivery of tobacco cessation services,
and cervical and breast cancer screening in community-based healthcare delivery systems.
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We coordinate the International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN), a voluntary consortium of
researchers from 33 countries that have active population-based screening programs. The ICSN is dedicated to collaborative research aimed at
identifying and fostering efficient and effective approaches to cancer control world-wide through population-based screening.
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The Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) is a research resource for studies designed to assess
the delivery and quality of breast cancer screening and related patient outcomes in the United States.
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Using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Cancer Control Supplement, we work with
the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to monitor usage levels, trends in use, and determinants of
the use of cancer screening tests for breast, cervical, colorectal, and prostate cancer. NCI's Cancer Trends Progress Report provides a summary of results on cancer screening from NHIS.
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Screening data similar to that from the NHIS CCS, but with more detail for specific racial-ethnic subpopulations, is provided by the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) cancer control items.
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We also conduct national studies of the healthcare providers and organizations that deliver cancer screening services. The
National Survey of Primary Care Physicians' Recommendations and Practice for Breast, Cervical, Colorectal, and Lung Cancer Screening
, fielded in 2006-2007, obtained national data on primary care physicians' knowledge, attitudes, recommendations, and practices related to screening
for those cancers. The National Survey of Colorectal Cancer Screening Practices
obtained nationally representative data on the physician and health system factors that may influence the use of screening and diagnostic follow-up for
the early detection of colorectal cancer in community practice.
Our bibliography of
publications on prevention and screening
lists articles that provide detailed results from these and similar surveys and studies.
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