Interruption of Maternal-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis B by Means of Hepatitis B Immune Globulin
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To evaluate whether hepatitis B immune globulin with a high level of antibody against the hepatitis B antigen would be capable of interrupting maternal-fetal transmission of hepatitis B virus, the single most important route of hepatitis spread in the entire Third World.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
---|---|---|
Hepatitis B Hepatitis, Viral, Human Liver Diseases |
Drug: immunoglobulins, intravenous |
Phase 3 |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Masking: Double-Blind Primary Purpose: Prevention |
Study Start Date: | November 1975 |
BACKGROUND:
A baseline study on the vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan revealed that 15 percent of all pregnant women were persistent carriers of hepatitis B antigen and that 40 percent of their new babies developed a protracted antigenemia during the first 6 months of life. The incidence of acute hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatoma was high in Taiwan, and patients with these disorders had a fivefold to sixfold higher prevalence of hepatitis B antigen than healthy persons. Given the important public health problems of this disease in Taiwan and the rest of the Third World, this trial sought to answer the important question of whether hepatitis B immune globulin with a high level of antibody against the antigen would be of utility in combating the problem.
Two hundred and five babies were accepted into the study, which was actually conducted on Taiwan through a contract to the Community Blood Council of Greater New York. Only those babies born of mothers who had HBsAg complement fixation titers of 1:8 or greater were included in these studies. At birth, blood was obtained from the mothers and cord blood from the infants. Follow-up bloods were obtained from both the mother and baby when the infants were 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of age. In addition, all household family contacts were bled at least once during this period.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
Randomized, double-blind, fixed sample. A total of 205 neonates were assigned to treatment with high-titer hepatitis B immune globulin, standard immune globulin, or albumin placebo within 72 hours of delivery.
Ages Eligible for Study: | up to 3 Years |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Boy and girl infants, birth to 3 years, born to mothers who were hepatitis B surface antigen carriers.
Publications:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00000580 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: | 300 |
Study First Received: | October 27, 1999 |
Last Updated: | June 23, 2005 |
Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis, Viral, Human Liver Diseases Digestive System Diseases Virus Diseases Enterovirus Infections Picornaviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections |
Hepadnaviridae Infections DNA Virus Infections Immunoglobulins Antibodies Immunoglobulins, Intravenous Rho(D) Immune Globulin Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on February 14, 2013