Naturalization is the manner in which a person not born in the United States voluntarily becomes a U.S. citizen. Before an individual applies for naturalization, he or she must meet a few requirements. Depending on the individual’s situation, there are different requirements that may apply. General requirements for naturalization are below.

  • Be at least 18 years old at the time of filing Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.
  • Be a permanent resident (have a “green card”) for at least 5 years.
  • Have lived within the state or USCIS district with jurisdiction over your place of residence for at least 3 months prior to the date of filing Form N-400
  • Have continuous residence in the United States as a lawful permanent resident for at least 5 years immediately preceding the date of filing Form N-400
  • Be physically present in the United States for at least 30 months out of the 5 years immediately preceding the date of filing Form N-400
  • Be able to read, write, and speak basic English. 
  • Have a basic understanding of U.S. history and government (civics). 
  • Be a person of good moral character. 
  • Demonstrate an attachment to the principles and ideals of the U.S. Constitution.


For more detailed information on the naturalization process, please visit Citizenship Through Naturalization and Pathway to U.S. Citizenship.

To learn about incorporating the naturalization process into classroom instruction, please see EL/Civics Online, the free training module for teachers and volunteers.

For information on the naturalization test, please visit:

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