Native American Heritage

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Pictures of Native Americans in the United States

The pictures listed in this leaflet portray Native Americans, their homes and activities. They have been selected from pictorial records deposited in the National Archives by 15 Government agencies, principally the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the United States Army.

All of the pictures described in the list are either photographs or copies of artworks. Any item not identified as an artwork is a photograph. Whenever available, the name of the photographer or artist and the date of the item have been given. This information is followed by the identification number.

The pictures are grouped by subject. English names of individuals have been used, with native or secondary designations in parentheses. Tribal names as specific as possible have been incorporated into the descriptions where known and where appropriate and an index by tribe follows the list.

Captions for and the terms used to describe the photographs in this list were created at or about the time each image was made. Consequently, some of the terms used at the time may now be considered by Native Americans to be outdated, inaccurate, derogatory, disrespectful, or culturally insensitive. To learn more about this topic researchers should contact the individual tribal archives, museums, or libraries. For a list, see the National Directory of Tribal Archives, Museums and Libraries.

Many photographs relating to Native Americans are not included in this list. Separate inquiries about them should be as specific as possible, including names, dates, places, and other details.

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Table of Contents:
 

Agency Buildings
  1. Bird's-eye view of Nez Perce' Agency, Idaho. 1879.

  2. Sioux Indian police lined up on horseback in front of Pine Ridge Agency buildings, Dakota Territory, August 9, 1882.

  3. General view of buildings, Rocky Boy Agency, Mont. Chippewa Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936.

  4. Office and sutler store, Round Valley Agency, Calif., 1876.

Agriculture
5. Apaches delivering hay at Fort Apache, Ariz. Photographed by C. A. Merkey.

6. Navajo hogan and cornfield near Holbrook, Ariz. Photographed by F. A. Ames, 1889.

7. Navajo women shearing sheep.

8. Moapariat Paiute woman gathering seeds, southern Nevada. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873.

9. Pisehedwin, a Potawatomi, and others in front of his Kansas farm home, 1877,

10. Pumpkins growing in front of a single-family Zuni adobe. Photographed by John K. Hillers, ca. 1879.

Basketwork
11. Apache basketwork collection of Lt. L. P. Davidson, 11th Infantry, 1893,

12. Hopi woman weaving a basket. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

13. Papago basketmaker at work, Arizona. Photographed by H. T. Cory, 1916.

Beadwork
14. One-Called-From-A-Distance (Midwewinind), a Chippewa from White Earth Reservation, Minnesota; half-length, seated, showing beadwork sash and vest, 1894.

15. Wolf Necklace (Harlish Washshomake), a Paloos chief; full-length, standing, wearing a bead necklace and a beaded purse, 1890.

16. String and belt wampum, ca. 1890.

Burial Customs
17. Indian burial ground. Artwork by Maj. 0. Gross, QMC, 1849.

18. Tree burial of the Oglala Sioux near Fort Laramie, Wyo.

19. Dakota scaffold burial. Artwork by H. C. Yarrow, 1880.

Camps
20. Great Camp of the Piekanns near Fort McKenzie, Mont. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833.

21. Bird's eye view of Sioux camp at Pine Ridge, S. Dak. Photographed by G. E. Trager, November 28, 1890.

22. A Wichita camp. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1904.

Children
23. Two Apache babies on cradleboards.

24. Apache boy with face and legs painted. Photographed by Ben Wittick.

25. Chiricahua Apache girl, granddaughter of Cochise; full-length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1886.

26. Cherokee boy and girl in costume on reservation, North Carolina. Photographed by John K. Hillers, Jr., June 1939.

27. Angelic La Moose, whose grandfather was a Flathead chief, wearing costume her mother made; full-length, standing, in front of a tent, Flathead Reservation, Mont. Photographed by H. T. Cory, September 1913.

28. Lone Bear (Tar-lo), a Kiowa, dressed as an Osage boy with paint stripes on forehead; full-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

29. Navajo papoose on a cradleboard with a lamb approaching, Window Rock, Arizona. Photographed by H. Armstrong Roberts, ca. 1936.

Councils
30. Treaty signing by William T. Sherman and the Sioux at Fort Laramie, Wyoming. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1868.

31. Council of Cheyenne and Arapaho at Seger Colony, Oklahoma, with an agent, 1900.

32. Delegates from 34 tribes in front of Creek Council House, Indian Territory (Oklahoma), ca. 1880.

33. Council of Sioux chiefs and leaders that settled the Indian wars, Pine Ridge, South Dakota. Photographed by John C. H. Grabill, 1891.

Crafts
34. Jesse Cornplanter, descendant of Cornplanter, the famous Seneca chief, making a ceremonial mask, Tonawanda Community House, Tonawanda, N.Y. Photographed by Helen Post, 1940.

35. Kidd Smith, Seneca carver, at work in the Tonawanda Community House. Photographed by Helen Post, 1940.

36. Salvadora Valensuelo, a Mission woman, making lace, Pala Mission, Calif. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936.

37. Navajo silversmith with examples of his work and tools. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1880.

Dances
38. Arapaho Ghost Dance. Artwork by Mary Irvin Wright, ca. 1900, based on photographs by James Mooney.

39. Eskimo dance orchestra, including drumheads made from whale stomachs, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935.

40. Hopi women's dance, Oraibi, Ariz. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

41. Buffalo dance of the Mandans. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

42. Medicine Man Charlie Turquoise (third from right) leads a group of Navajo dancers, Fort Wingate, N. Mex. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph, 1941.

43. Sioux sun dance. Artwork by Jules Tavernier and Paul Frenzeny, 1874.

44. Big Foot's band of Miniconjou Sioux in costume at a dance, Cheyenne River, S. Dak. Photographed by John C. H. Grabill, August 9, 1890.

45. Masked "Mud Heads" prepared to dance; spectators seated on the upper walls, Zuni Pueblo, N. Mex. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

Delegations in Washington, D.C.
46. Flathead delegation of six and an interpreter. Photographed by C. M. Bell, 1884.

47. Mandan and Arikara delegation. Six Indians with three escorts, 1874.

48. Oto delegation of five wearing claw necklaces and fur turbans. Photographed by John K. Hillers, January 1881.

49. Red Cloud delegation. Left to right: Red Dog, Little Wound, John Bridgeman (interpreter), Red Cloud, American Horse, and Red Shirt. Oglala Sioux, before 1876.

50. Large delegation with several agents or other officials on the White House grounds. Mathew Brady Collection photograph, before 1877.

Female Costumes
51. Apache bride.

52. Eskimo mother and child in furs, Nome, Alaska; bust-length, with child on back. Photographed by H. G. Kaiser, ca. 1915.

53. Havasupai girl wearing beads and cape; half-length, seated. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

54. Hopi woman dressing hair of unmarried girl. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

55. Two Tlingit girls, Tsacotna and Natsanitna, wearing noserings, near Cooper River, Alaska. Miles Brothers photograph, 1903.

56. Two Wichita girls in summer dress. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1870.

Fishing
57. Indians in North Carolina fishing with traps, spears, and nets. Artwork by John White, 1885.

58. Johnnie Saux, a Quinaielt, holding a dog salmon, Taholah, Washington. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936.

59. A Seminole spearing a garfish from a dugout, Florida, ca. 1930.

60. A skate from the Swinomish tribal fishtrap, Tulalip Indian Agency, Washington. Photographed by Andrew T. Kelley, 1938.

Food Preparation
61. Arapaho camp with buffalo meat drying near Fort Dodge, Kansas. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1870.

62. Salmon drying. Aleut village, Old Harbor, Alaska. Photographed by N. B. Miller, 1889.

63. Paiute woman grinding seeds in doorway of thatched hut, small boy in foreground. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1872.

64. Two Seminole women cooking cane syrup, Seminole Indian Agency, Florida. Photographed by Gardin, 1941.

65. Two Taos women baking bread in outside oven, New Mexico. Photographed by H. T Cory, 1916.

Games and Recreation
66. Paiute children playing game called wolf and deer, northern Arizona. Photographed by John K. Hillers, October 1872.

67. Four Nuaguntit Paiutes gambling, southwestern Nevada. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873.

68. Teton Sioux horseraces in front of Fort Pierre, South Dakota. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

Groups
69. Eskimo group of 11 men, women, and children dressed in fur, Port Clarence, Alaska. Photographed by William Dinwiddie, 1894.

70. Knik Chief Nikaly and family near Anchorage, Alaska. Photographed by H. G. Kaiser, ca. 1910.

71. Man and woman of Laguna Pueblo, New Mexico. Photographed by Ben Wittick.

72. Winema or Tobey Riddle, a Modoc, standing between an agent and her husband Frank (on her left), with four Modoc women in front. Photographed by Eadweard Muybridge, 1873.

73. Shoshoni at Fort Washakie, Wyoming. Last photograph of Chief Washakie, who is on the extreme left, standing and pointing, 1892.

74. Two Tlingit women with several children near the Kotsina River, Alaska. Miles Brothers photograph, 1902.

Homes
75. Apache rancheria with two men holding rifles. Photographed by Camillus S. Fly.

76. Family of Bannocks in front of a grass tent, Idaho. Photographed by William H. Jackson, 1872.

77. Summer skin tent with an old Eskimo woman in foreground, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935.

78. Supai Charlie standing in front of his ha-wa, Havasu Canyon. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

79. Dancers' Rock, Walpi, Arizona, part of a Hopi pueblo; picturing three Hopi people, ladders, and utensils. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

80. A Kickapoo wickiup, Sac and Fox Agency, Okla., ca. 1880.

81. Interior of a Navajo hogan on a New Mexico reservation. Photographed by D. Griffiths, September 13, 1903.

82. Joseph Matthews, Osage council member, author, historian, and Rhodes scholar, seated at home in front of his fireplace, Oklahoma. Photographed by Andrew T. Kelley, December 16, 1937.

83. The Arrow Maker and his daughter, Kaivavit Paiutes, in front of their home, northern Arizona. Photographed by Clement Powell, October 4, 1872.

84. Pawnee lodges at Loup, Nebraska, with a family standing in front of a lodge entrance. Photographed by William H. Jackson, 1873.

85. Gabe Gobin, an Indian logger, in front of his home. Tulalip Reservation, Washington. Photographed by Lee Muck, 1916.

86. Little Big Mouth, a medicine man, seated in front of his lodge near Fort Sill, Oklahoma, with medicine bag visible from behind the tent. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1869-70.

Hunting
87. Blackfoot Indians chasing buffalo, Three Buttes, Montana. Artwork by John M. Stanley, 1853-55.

88. Eskimos harpooning a whale, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935.

89. An Uainuint Paiute aiming a rifle, southwestern Utah. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1873.

Individual Portraits
90. Big Foot (Sitanka), a Miniconjou Sioux of Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota; half-length, seated, wearing white shirt.

91. Big Soldier (Wahktageli), a Dakota chief; full-length, standing. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, May 1833.

92. Black Beaver, a Delaware born in Illinois in 1808; half-length. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872.

93. Captain Jack (Kintpuash), a Modoc subchief, executed October 3, 1873; bust-length, full-face. Photographed by Louis Heller, 1873.

94. Crow King, a Hunkpapa Sioux; half-length, wearing part of a major's uniform. Photographed by David F.Barry at Fort Buford, North Dakota, ca. 1881.

95. Curley Bear (Car-io-scuse), a Blackfoot (Siksika) chief; half-length, dressed in ermines. Photographed by DeLancey Gill, 1903.

96. Dull Knife (Tah-me-la-pash-me), Chief of Northern Cheyennes at Battle of Little Bighorn; full-length, seated. Halftone of photograph.

97. Fisher, McKinley, a Chemehuevi employed by the Indian Service at Colorado Agency, Arizona; bust-length, full-face. Photographed by Bennett Thayer, 1957.

98. Four Bears (Mato-Tope), a Mandan chief; full- length, standing, holding lance and wearing a painted and quilled shirt. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

99. Gall (Pizi, Gaul), a Hunkpapa Sioux; three-quarter- length, seated. holding bow and arrow, Fort Buford, North Dakota. Photographed by David F. Barry, 1881.

100. George Washington (Sho-e-tat, Little Boy), a Caddo born in Louisiana in 1816; half-length, full-face. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872.

101. Geronimo (Goyathlay), a Chiricahua Apache; full-length, kneeling with rifle. Photographed by Ben Wittick, 1887.

102. Joseph (Hinmaton-Yalatkit), Nez Perce'chief; full- length, standing. Photographed by William H. Jackson, before 1877.

103. Kicking Bird (Tene'-angp6te), a Kiowa chief and grandson of a Crow captive;three-quarter-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

104. Little Raven (Hosa, Young Crow), Head Chief of the Arapaho; three-quarter-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

105. Lone Wolfe (Guipago), a Kiowa chief; half-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

106. Looking Glass, a Nez Perce' chief, on horseback in front of a tepee. Photograph, 1877.

107. Manuelito, a Navajo chief; full-length, seated. Artwork by E. A. Burbank.

108. Milky Way (Asa Havi, Bird Chief), a Penateka Comanche; half-length, seated, holding bow. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872.

109. Miner, Cpl. George, a Winnebago from Tomah, Wisconsin; standing, with rifle, on guard duty, Niederahren, Germany. Photographed by Lt. Nathaniel L. Dewell, U.S. Army Signal Corps, January 2, 1919.

110. Nana (Nanay), a Chiricahua Apache subchief; full- length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1886.

111. Oseola (As-se-he-ho-lor, Black Drink), a Seminole; bust-length. Artwork by George Catlin, ca. 1837.

112. Ouray (the Arrow), a Southern Ute chief; bust-length. Artwork.

113. Pacer (Peso, Essa-queta), a Kiowa-Apache chief; half-length, seated, wearing earrings. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

114. Paliwahtiwa, Governor of Zuni; full-length, seated. Photographed by Ben Wittick.

115. Poison, a Cheyenne woman almost 100 years old; full-length, seated, 1888.

116. Quanah Parker, a Kwahadi Comanche chief; full-length, standing in front of tent. Photographed by Lanney.

117. Rain-in-the-Face, a Hunkpapa Sioux; bust-length, full-face, wearing feathered headdress. 111-SC-85725.

118. Red Cloud (Maqpeya-luta), Chief of the Oglala Sioux; full-length, seated, holding cane.

119. Red Tomahawk, a Yanktonai Sioux policeman at Standing Rock Reservation who may have fired the shot that killed Sitting Bull; bust-length, wearing hat. Photograph taken at Fort Yates, North Dakota, 1897.

120. Rocky Boy (Stone Child), a Chippewa chief; three-quarter length, standing, dressed in ornate costume.

121. Scar-faced Charley (Chikchikam Lupatkue-latko), a Modoc; bust-length. Photographed by Louis Heller, 1873.

122. Sharp Nose (Ta-qua-wi), a Northern Arapaho chief; bust-length, full-face, wearing U.S. Army captain's bars, 1884.

123. Sitting Bear (Satank, Set-angya), a Kiowa chief; half-length, seated. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

124. Sitting Bull (Tatonka-I-Yatanka), a Hunkpapa Sioux. Photographed by David F.Barry, ca. 1885.

125. Spotted Tail (Tshin-tah-las-Kah), a Brule Sioux chief; half-length, seated, profile. Photographed by Alexander Gardner, 1872.

126. Thorpe, James (Jim) Francis (1882-1953), Sauk and Fox from Oklahoma and a famous athlete; full-length, standing, in football uniform of Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania, ca. 1909.

127. Umapine (Wakonkonwelasonmi), a Cayuse chief; full-length, standing, wearing a feathered headdress. Halftone of photograph by Joseph K. Dixon, September 1909.

128. Winnemucca (The Giver), a Paviotso or Paiute chief of western Nevada; half-length, 1880.

129. Washakie (Shoots-the-Buffalo-Running), a Shoshoni chief; half-length, seated, holding pipe. Halftone of photograph.

130. White Bear (Sa-tan-ta), a Kiowa chief; full-length, seated, holding bow and arrows. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1869-74.

131. Young-Man-Afraid-of-His-Horses (Tashun-Kakokipa), an Oglala Sioux; standing in front of his lodge,Pine Ridge, S. Dak. Photographed by G.E. Trager, January 17, 1891.

Male Costumes
132. Chief Powder Face of the Arapaho; standing full-length, wearing war costume. Photographed by William S. Soule, 1868-74.

133. Pehriska-Ruhpa; full-length, standing, in the costume of the Dog Band of the Hidatsa. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

134. Hopi man having hair dressed by his squaw.

135. Either Babeshikit, a Kickapoo, or Meraparapa (Lance), a Mandan; portrait, half-length, seated, with white paint on forehead and two-feather headdress, 1894.

136. Two Mohave braves dressed in loincloths; full- length, standing, western Arizona. Photographed by Timothy O'Sullivan, 1871.

137. Chief of the Little Osages; bust-length, profile showing hair style. Artwork by Charles B.J. de Saint-Memin, ca. 1807.

138. Two braves with faces painted. Left to right: Massica, a Sauk, and Wakusasse, a Fox. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

139. Group of six Zuni men wearing coats and leather boots; full-length, standing and seated. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

Pictographs
140. Calender of 37 months, 1889-92, kept on a skin by Anko, a Kiowa man, ca. 1895.

141. Tipi depicitng battles between Kiowas and U.S. soldiers, ca. 1895.

142. Animal skin with pictorial history of Shoshoni chief Wahakie's combats.

143. Prehistoric pictographs on sand rocks, Adamana, Arizona. Photographed by D. Griffiths, August 1903.

Pottery
144. Pottery in the interior of an Acoma dwelling, New Mexico. photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

145. Nampeyo, Hopi potterymaker, seated, with examples of her work. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

146. Indians of Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico, making pottery. Photographed by H. T. Corey, 1916.

Prisoners
147. Apache prisoners at Fort Bowie, Arizona. Baker and Johnson photograph, ca. 1884.

148. Chiricahua Apache prisoners, including Geronimo (first row, third from right), seated on an embankment outside their railroad car, Arizona. Photographed by J. McDonald, 1886.

149. Eight Crow prisoners under guard at Crow agency, Montana. Photographed 1887.

School Activities
150. Daisy Pino, an Acoma girl, during on-the-job training at Brown's Cafe, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Photographed by Henry Kyllingstad, April 18, 1951.

151. Mary Parker, a young Seminole girl, using sewing machine at the Brighton Day School on the Glades County Reservation, Fla. Photographed by Alexander, 1941.

152. Sioux boys as they were dressed on arrival at the Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania. Photographed by J. N. Choate, October 5, 1879.

153. Group of Omaa boys in cadet uniforms, Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania. Photographed by J. N. Choate, ca. 1880.

154. Boys and girls conducting physics experiments, Carlisle Indian School, Pennsylvania, ca. 1915.

155. Carlisle Indian School Band seated on steps of a school building, Carlisle, Pa. Photographed by Gustave Hensel, 1915.

156. Students in cadet uniforms in front of the buildings, Indian training school, Forest Grove, Oreg. Photographed by Davidson, 1882.

157. Class in blacksmithing, Forest Grove School, Oregon. Photographed by Davidson, 1882.

158. Football team on the field, Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans., 1914.

159. Girls' shorthand class, Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans. Photographed by Squires, ca. 1910.

160. Girls at Isleta Day School in a tug of war, Albu- querque, N. Mex. Photographed by Sekaer, 1940.

161. Art class, Phoenix Indian School, Arizona. Photographed by Messinger, June 1900.

162. Little girls praying beside their beds, Phoenix Indian School, Arizona. Photographed by Messinger, June 1900.

163. Students branding cattle at Seger Colony School, Oklahoma, ca. 1900.

Scouts for the Army
164. Apache scouts drilling with rifles, Fort Wingate, New Mexico.

165. Bloody Knife, Custer's scout, on Yellowstone Expedition. Photographed by William R. Pywell, 1873.

166. Peaches (Tsoe), a White Mountain Apache scout; full-length, holding rifle. Photographed by Ben Wittick, ca. 1885.

167. Curley, Crow scout for Custer at Little Bighorn; bust-length. Photographed by David F. Barry, ca. 1876.

168. Rabbit-Tail, Shoshone member of Captain Ray's scout company; half-length, seated, with bracelets and ornamented vest.

169. Warm Spring scouts, Lava Beds, Calif.; their leader, Donald McKay, is leaning against rock. Photographed by Eadweard Muybridge, 1873.

Transportation
170. Six Eskimos standing beside native skinboat (umiak) on sled, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan, 1935.

171. Frank Tlyasman, a Quinaielt, in his new dugout canoe, Taholah, Wash. Photographed by Walter D. Wilcox, 1936.

172. A Blackfoot on horseback, with a rifle. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

173. Uinta Ute warrior and his bride on horseback, northwest Utah. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1874.

174. Stump Horn and family (Southern Cheyenne); showing home and horsedrawn travois. Photographed by Christian Barthelmess, 1890.

175. An Indian village on the move. Artwork by Charles M. Russell, 1905.

Villages
176. Acoma Pueblo and its reflection in a pool of water, New Mexico. Photographed by Ansel Adams, 1941-42.

177. The village of Pomeioc, N.C. Artwork by John White, 1885.

178. Winter village of the Manitaries (Hidatsa) in Dakota Territory. Artwork by Karl Bodmer, 1833-34.

179. A general view of the Laguna Pueblo, New Mexico. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

180. Taos Pueblo, New Mexico, with mountains in the background. Photographed by Ansel Adams, 1941.

181. First terrace of Zuni, New Mexico, showing ladders and utensils. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

Weapons
182. San Juan, a Mescalero Apache chief; standing, full-length, holding a spear and shield.

183. Simiguluk, an Eskimo spear and lancemaker with his wares, Point Barrow, Alaska. Photographed by Stanley Morgan. 1935.

184. A Paiute drawing his bow and arrow; two others in festive costume. Photographed by John K. Hillers, October 1872.

185. Indian relics (mostly arrowheads) found on the Enchanted Mesa, June 22, 1898. Photographed by Henry Peabody, ca. 1900.

Weaving
186. Hopi man weaving a blanket; with back to camera and holding a wooden sley in both hands. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

187. Navajo weaver spinning wool into yarn; full- length, seated, with a loom behind her, Torre'on, New Mexico. Photographed by Milton Snow.

188. Navajo family group in Canyon de Chelle, New Mexico Territory; woman weaving at loom, man holding bow and arrow. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan, 1873.

189. We-Wa, a Zuni man dressed as a woman, weaving a belt on a waist loom with reed heddle. Photographed by John K. Hillers, 1879.

World War II Activities
190. Lt. Woody J. Cochran holding a Japanese flag, New Guinea. A Cherokee from Oklahoma and a bomber pilot, Lieutenant Cochran earned the Silver Star, Purple Heart, Distinguished Flying Cross, and Air Medal. April 1, 1943.

191. Lt. Ernest Childers, a Creek, being congratulated by Gen. Jacob L. Devers after receiving the Congressional Medal of Honor in Italy for wiping out two machinegun nests. U.S. Army Signal Corps photograph, July 13, 1944.

192. Dan Waupoose, a Menomini chief; full-length, kneeling with a rifle and wearing a feathered headdress, Algiers, La. U.S. Navy photograph, August 24, 1943.

193. Pfc. Ira H. Hayes, a Pima, at age 19, ready to jump, Marine Corps Paratroop School. One of the four Marines in the lwo Jima flag-raising photograph. U.S. Marine Corps photograph, 1943.

194. Three Marine Corps women reservists, Camp Lejeune, N.C. Left to right: Minnie Spotted Wolf (Blackfoot), Celia Mix (Potawatomi), and Viola Eastman (Chippewa). U.S. Marine Corps photograph, October 16, 1943.



Index by Tribe

Acoma, 144, 150, 176
Apache, 5, 11, 23-25, 51, 75, 101, 110, 147-48, 164- 66, 182
Arapaho, 31, 38, 61, 104, 122, 132
Arikara, 47
Bannock,76
Blackfoot, 20, 87, 95, 172, 194
Caddo,100
Cayuse,127
Chemehuevi, 97
Cherokee, 26, 190
Cheyenne, 31, 96, 115, 174
Chippewa, 3, 14, 120, 194
Comanche, 108, 116
Creek, 32, 191
Crow, 103, 149, 167
Dakota, see Sioux
Delaware, 92
Eskimo, 39, 52, 62, 69, 77, 88, 170, 183
Flathead, 27, 46
Fox, see Sauk and Fox
Havasupai, 53, 78
Hidatsa, 133, 178
Hopi, 12, 40, 54, 79, 134, 145, 186
Isleta, 160
Kickapoo, 80, 135
Kiowa, 28, 103, 105, 123, 130, 140-41
Kiowa-Apache, 113
Knik, 70
Laguna,71,179
Mandan, 41, 47, 98, 135
Manitari, see Hidatsa
Menomini, 192
Mission, 36
Modoc, 72, 93, 121
Mohave, 136
Navajo, 6-7, 29, 37, 42, 81, 107, 187-88
Nez Perce, 1, 102, 106
Ojibway, see Chippewa
Omaha, 153
Osage, 28, 82, 137
Oto, 48
Paiute, 8, 63, 66-67, 83, 89, 128, 184
Paloos, 15
Papago,13
Paviotso, 128
Pawnee, 84
Pima, 193
Potawatomi, 9, 194
Pueblo, see name of individual Pueblo
Quinaielt, 58, 171
Salish, see Flathead
Santa Clara, 146
Sauk and Fox, 126, 138
Seminole, 59, 64, 111, 151
Seneca,34-35
Shoshoni, 73, 129, 142, 16
Siksika, see Blackfoot
Sioux, 2, 18-19, 21, 30, 33, 43-44, 49, 68, 90-91, 94, 99, 117-19, 124-25, 131, 152
Swinomish, 60
Taos, 65, 180
Tlingit, 55, 74
Ute, 112, 173
Warm Spring, 169
Wichita, 22, 56
Winnebago,109
Zuni, 10, 45, 114, 139, 181, 189


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Pictures of Indians in the United States

Order #AVA-18636SS00

194 Slides

List of Select Audiovisual Records leaflets online
Native American Heritage >

The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
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