Director's Report to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse
February, 2002
Program Activities
New NIDA PAs and RFAs
On October 19, 2001, NIDA released a Program Announcement entitled Role of Limbic System and Brain Ontogeny in Drug Abuse (PA-02-015). This initiative is designed to support basic research into the fundamental mechanisms of development of the midbrain and basal forebrain structures that mediate the euphoric properties of drugs as well as understanding how drugs of abuse affect the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nervous system development. This PA replaces in its entirety PA-98-032, published in the NIH Guide February 25, 1998.
On October 22, 2001, NIDA issued a Program Announcement entitled Minority Institutions’ Drug Abuse Research Development Program (MIDARP) (PAR-02-016). The purpose of this PA is to increase the capacity of minority institutions with limited sponsored reseach experience in the biomedical, social and behavioral sciences to conduct research in drug abuse and addiction. Grants will be provided to develop the capacity of minority institutions and their minority faculty, staff and students, in particular, to conduct rigorous drug abuse research in all areas of research supported by NIDA including neuroscience, epidemiology, behavioral, clinical, social science, public health, biological, HIV/AIDS, health disparities and health services areas.
On November 20, 2001, NIDA issued a new RFA entitled Expansion of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (DA-02-003). Through this RFA, NIDA invites cooperative agreement applications from established clinical investigators to participate in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN). Applications from geographic areas not currently well represented in the CTN are particularly encouraged. This RFA is the third solicitation for participation in the CTN. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is January 22, 2002; Receipt date for applications is February 22, 2002.
On November 26, 2001, NIDA issued a new RFA entitled Inhalant Abuse: Supporting Broad-Based Research Approaches (DA-02-002). Through this RFA, NIDA requests applications to broaden the understanding of the epidemiology, social, behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological consequences, treatment and prevention of inhalant abuse. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is March 12, 2002; Application Receipt Date is April 10, 2002.
NIDA released a new RFA on December 6, 2002 entitled Modifying and Testing Efficacious Behavioral Therapies to Make Them More Community Friendly (DA-02-006). The purpose of this initiative is to support studies that will adapt existing, efficacious behavioral therapies for community treatment settings, or prepare for such adaptation by identifying key components of efficacious therapies to be retained in adapted therapies. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is March 11, 2002; Application Receipt Date is April 11, 2002.
On December 31, 2001, NIDA issued an RFA entitled New Approaches to Prevent HIV/Other Infections in Drug Users (DA-02-009). The purpose of this RFA is to stimulate research on the development of new, improved, and innovative intervention approaches to prevent HIV and other blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections in drug users and their sexual partners. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is March 18, 2002; Application Receipt Date is April 16, 2002.
In December 2001, NIDA released three RFAs in support of its new National Prevention Research Initiative (NPRI), comprised of three components: 1) Using Basic Science to Develop New Directions in Drug Abuse Prevention Research (DA-02-010), 2) Transdisciplinary Prevention Research Centers (TPRCs) (DA-02-005), and 3) Community Multi-Site Prevention Trials (CMPT) (DA-02-004). The purpose is to accelerate the development and testing of new prevention interventions through translational research that spans a continuum from basic science through laboratory efficacy testing to small- and large-scale field effectiveness studies.
On January 23, 2002, NIDA issued an RFA entitled Hepatitis C Diagnosis, Treatment and Interaction with HIV/AIDS (DA-02-008). The primary intent of this RFA is to support studies that relate directly to the development and testing of protocols for hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment in drug abusing populations, so as to provide data essential to the formulation of clinical guidelines in these areas. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is March18, 2002; Application Receipt Date is April 16, 2002.
On February 4, 2002, NIDA released an RFA entitled National Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Research System (DA-02-011). Through this RFA, NIDA invites cooperative agreement applications to participate in the National Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Research System (CJ-DATS). Awardees will conduct and participate in coordinated multi-site studies to conduct rigorous scientific research with offender populations across multiple settings including jails, prisons, and in the community. The goal of this cooperative research program is to establish a research infrastructure to develop and test research-based systems-level models that integrate public health and public safety approaches for criminal justice-involved individuals with addictive disorders. Letter of Intent Receipt Date for this RFA is April 12, 2002; Application Receipt Date is May 13, 2002.
Recent PAs/RFAs Issued In Collaboration with Other NIH Components
Research on HIV/STD Prevention Messages (PA-01-139)
Neurotechnology Research, Development and Enhancement (PA-02-003)
Bioenginnering Research Partnerships (PAR-02-010)
Bioenginnering Research Grants (PA-02-011)
Jointly Sponsored NIH Predoctoral Training Program in the Neurosciences (PAR-02-017)
Planning Grants to Organize Programs for International Clinical, Operational, and Health Services Research Training for AIDS and Tuberculosis (PA-02-022)
Development of PET and SPECT Ligands for Brain Imaging (SBIR Award) (PA-02-028)
Social and Cultural Dimensions of Health (PA-02-043)
Identifying Functional Links Between the Immune System and Brain Function Including Behavior (PA-02-045)
Dissertation Research Grants for Underrepresented Minorities in the Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) of Genetics Research (PA-02-048)
Interrelationship Between Sleep and Heart, Lung and Blood Diseases (RFA-HL-01-009)
Development of PET and SPECT Ligands for Brain Imaging (Phased Innovation Award) (RFA-MH-02-003)
Neuroimaging Technology Development to Assess Brain and Behavior in Pediatric Populations (RFA-DA-02-001)
Elucidation of the Underlying Mechanisms of Placebo Effect (RFA-AT-02-002)
Studies of the Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) of Human Genetic Variation Research for Individuals and Diverse Racial and Ethnic Groups (RFA-HG-02-003)
International Collaborative Genetics Research Training Program (RFA-TW-02-001)
Specialized Centers of Research on Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Women’s Health (RFA-OD-02-002)
Other Program Activities
NIDA/VACSP #1018 Buprenorphine Best Practices Trial
Enrollment for the study closed on January 6, 2001 with a total of 583 patients being enrolled. Patients can participate up to one year from the date of their enrollment. The last patient should complete their clinical participation on January 6, 2002 and their 30-day follow-up on February 6, 2002. There have been 38 physicians' offices and 33 pharmacies that participated in this study. 33.8% of the patients enrolled were female. The mean age at baseline was 35.8 years (36.0 median) with a range of 15 to 66. The breakdown of patients, by race, was 78.4% white, 8.1% black, 1.9% Asian/Pacific Islander, 1.0% Native American, and 10.5% other. Additionally, 17% of the patients identified themselves as Hispanic. As of October 16, 2001, 114 patients had completed, and 126 were still following the protocol. The main reasons for dropout were failure to return to clinic (67%) followed by the patient's request to discontinue (7.3%).
CTN Protocol Update
CTN 0001 (Buprenorphine/Naloxone for Detoxification in Inpatient Settings)--six sites across five nodes have begun enrollment. Total enrollment has reached about one-third of the total target enrollment.
CTN 0002 (Buprenorphine/Naloxone for Detoxification in Outpatient Settings)--all six sites across five nodes are enrolling patients. Total enrollment has reached over two-thirds of the total target enrollment.
CTN 0003 (Buprenorphine/Naloxone: Comparison of Three Taper Schedules for Opiate Detoxification)--thirteen sites across eight nodes are set to begin enrollment in January 2002.
CTN 0004 (Motivational Enhancement Therapy)--four sites have begun enrolling, two additional sites will be launched soon.
CTN 0005 (Motivational Interviewing)--all five sites are currently enrolling patients. Total enrollment has reached nearly half of the total target enrollment.
Spanish versions of protocol CTN 0004 and CTN 0005 are being developed for new Spanish-speaking enrollees.
CTN 0006 (Motivational Incentives in Drug Free Clinics)--four sites are currently enrolling patients, another four sites will begin enrollment in the next month. Total enrollment has reached about one-fifth of the target enrollment.
CTN 0007 (Motivational Incentives in Methadone Clinics)--six sites across four nodes are enrolling patients. Total enrollment has reached about one-third of the target enrollment.
Five new protocols are in the final stages of approval before being launched in the CTN. It is expected that all five will be enrolling by this summer. Seven new research concepts were reviewed and approved for further development into protocols. These will be launched in the fall or winter. By the end of 2002, it is projected that nineteen protocols will be actively enrolling patients throughout the CTN.
CTN Support Contracts Awarded
Three new contracts were awarded in September 2001 to support CTN activities. These are: NO1DA-1-2200, entitled Clinical Trials Network Pharmacy Support; NO1DA-1-2201, entitled Clinical Trials Network Administrative Support Center; and NO1DA-1-2204, entitled Clinical Laboratory Services.
NIDA Evaluation of the ONDCP Media Campaign
NIDA and ONDCP released the third report of findings from the Evaluation of the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, conducted under contract to NIDA by Westat, Inc., and the Annenberg School for Communications, University of Pennsylvania, in November. This report, entitled Evaluation of the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign: Third Semi-Annual Report of Findings, October 2001, reported on the attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of parents and youth during the third wave of data collection, covering the period from January-June 2001. Trend data reflects comparisons between Wave 3 and Wave 1, covering November 1999-May 2001, the baseline for comparison. NIDA and Westat briefed ONDCP senior staff and the campaign team in late November.
The following are some of the highlights:
- There are substantial levels of recalled exposure to Campaign anti-drug messages among parents and youth. Among parents, approximately 70% recalled seeing general anti-drug ads at least once a week across all media; about 20% recalled seeing specific Campaign TV ads. Among youth, close to 80% recalled seeing general anti-drug ads at least once a week; close to 50% recalled seeing specific Campaign TV ads. Youth recall of specific TV ads significantly increased from 35% in Wave 1 to 48% in Wave 3.
- The branding innovation of the Campaign—i.e., “The Anti-Drug”—was recalled by 60% of 12-to-18-year-olds and 46% of parents.
- There is evidence consistent with a Campaign effect on parents. There are positive changes in four out of five outcomes including talking about drugs with, and monitoring of, children. Also, parents who report more exposure to Campaign messages report better scores on those outcomes—talking and monitoring attitudes and behaviors. There is also an indication that these outcomes are associated with youth anti-drug intentions and behaviors.
- Fathers appeared to be changing more in their attitudes and behaviors and these changes are associated with general and specific ad exposure —e.g., they have increased in their positive beliefs about the value of monitoring from 65% in Wave 1 to 86% in Wave 3. They also increased in actual monitoring behaviors.
- Thus far there is little evidence of direct Campaign effects on youth. There is no statistically significant change in marijuana use or in beliefs and attitudes about marijuana use, and no tendency for those reporting more exposure to Campaign messages to hold more desirable beliefs.
- Future semiannual reports will include follow-ups of those parents and children interviewed at Waves 1-3. This will provide data on how youth drug-related attitudes and behaviors change as they age into the more at-risk teenage years and how exposing to Campaign messages is affecting those attitudes and behaviors. There will be more examination of over-time effects; examination of some indirect effects—e.g., the effects of parents’ attitudes and behaviors on youth marijuana use; and more capability of analyzing whether the Campaign is producing the preventive effects on drug use.
PET Imaging of Brain Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors with 2-[18F]F-A-85380 Injection
NIDA’s Brain Imaging Center has received approval for a Phase I Investigator-Sponsored IND (Investigation New Drug) application from the Food and Drug Administration entitled, “PET Imaging of Brain Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors with 2-[18F]F-A-85380 Injection.” The IND allows the Brain Imaging Center to initiate the first human studies in the United States using this new radiotracer, which was specifically developed to image alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors in the brain using positron emission tomography (PET). The compound [18F]2-F-A-85380 has both high affinity and selectivity for the alpha4beta2 subtype of nicotinic receptor and has a wide margin of safety. This subtype of the nicotinic receptor comprises the primary form found within the brain and is thought be associated with receptors linked to nicotine dependence and the loss of nicotinic receptors observed in neurodegenerative diseases. [18F]2-F-A-85380 was developed by a team of radiochemists and neuroscientists at the Brain Imaging Center and represents the first new radioligand to be both produced for and evaluated in humans within the laboratory. The team of investigators includes Alane S. Kimes, PhD., Carlo Contoreggi, M.D., Andrew G. Horti, Ph.D., Svetlana I. Chefer, Ph.D., Andrei O. Koren, Ph.D., Edythe D. London, Ph.D., Alexey G. Mukhin, M.D., Ph.D., Olga Pavlova, M.D., Ph.D., Monique Ernst, M.D., Ph.D., John A. Matochik, Ph.D., and Varughese Kurian, M.S., M.H.S.
SIP and MRTP Programs
The NIH Summer Internship Program (SIP) and the Minority Recruitment & Training Program (MRTP) are now accepting applications for the Summer 2002. Both programs provide training opportunities for students who are interested in the scientific basis of drug abuse. In this program, students gain basic science and/or clinical laboratory experience, attend student seminars, and participate in a summer poster presentation. The goal of this program is to expose students to the realities of research, from experimental design to data analysis, interpretation and presentation. For information and an application for the SIP, go to www.training.nih.gov or contact Dr. Stephen Heishman (sheish@intra.nida.nih.gov). For an application or to receive information about the MRTP, contact Christie Brannock (cbrann@intra.nida.nih.gov)
NIDA’s New and Competing Grants Awarded Since September 2001
Adler, Martin -- Temple University
Opioids, Cannabinoids, Chemokines--Neuroimmune Interaction
Akil, Huda -- University of Michigan at Ann Arbor
Stress/Vulnerability To Drug Abuse: Neural Correlates
Alger, Bradley E. -- University of Maryland Baltimore Prof School
Endocannabinoids and GABAergic Control of Plasticity
Anderson, Richard G. -- University of Texas SW Medical Center/Dallas
Identification of Marker Proteins for Neuronal Caveolae
Anthony, James C. -- Johns Hopkins University
Clusters of Drug Involvement In Chile
Atkinson, Nigel S. -- University of Texas Austin
Abused Inhalants and Drosphila K+ Channel Transcription
Bajjalieh, Sandra M. -- University of Washington
The Role of Ceramide Kinase in Neurosecretion
Baker, Lisa E. --Western Michigan University
GHB: Discrimination and Effects on Learning
Ball, Samuel A. -- APT Foundation, Inc.
Psychotherapy Enhancement for TC Retention
Beals, Janette L. -- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Drug Use and Health Disparities In 2 Indian Populations
Bergmeier, Stephen C. -- Ohio University Athens
Analogues of Methyllycaconitine
Berns, Gregory S. --Emory University
Hyperscan: Simultaneous FMRI Across the Internet
Bidlack, Jean M. -- University of Rochester
Opioid Binding to U51: A Human Herpes Virus Protein
Bidlack, Jean M. -- University of Rochester
Opioid Modulation of Immunocompetence
Blakely, Randy D. -- Vanderbilt University
A Neurogenomic Model for Dopamine Transporter Regulation
Bockting, Walter -- University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Gender Identity and HIV Risk
Booth, Brenda M. -- University of Arkansas Medical Sciences Little Rock
Cocaine and Chest Pain: ER Patient Care and Outcomes
Borkowski, John G. -- University of Notre Dame
Predicting and Preventing Neglect In Teen Mothers
Borsook, David -- Massachusetts General Hospital
CNS Reward/Aversion Circuitry Activated By Pain/Opioids
Boyer, Edward W. -- Children's Hospital (Boston, MA)
Relationship Between the Internet and Illicit Drug Use
Breiter, Hans C. -- Massachusetts General Hospital
Cocaine Addiction--Alterations In Reward Circuitry
Brown, David R. -- University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Mucosal Defense Mechanisms In Substance Abuse
Brown, Richard A. -- Butler Hospital (Providence, RI)
Applying Exercise Intervention To Drug Treatment
Brue, Vesta -- Lifetechniques, Inc.
Electronic Smoking Cessation Monitor and Communicator
Bucholz, Kathleen K. -- Washington University
Gene-Enviroment In Outcomes of PSUD Twins' Offspring
Bucholz, Kathleen K. -- Washington University
Symptom Based Transitions In Addiction In Male Twins
Buckley, Todd C. -- Boston University
Nicotine, Attention, and Conditioned Arousal In PTSD
Budney, Susan E. -- Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Trauma and Addicted Female Offenders Treatment Outcome
Busto, Usoa E. -- Center for Addiction and Mental Health
Brain Reward System, Depression and Nicotine Dependence
Buydens-Branchey, Laure B. -- Narrows Institute for Biomedical Research, Inc.
Effects of Buspirone In Withdrawal From Opiates
Byrnes, Elizabeth M. -- Tufts University Boston
Reproductive Consequences of Pubertal Morphine Abuse
Campbell, James S. -- Biographics, Inc.
System to Test Medications Developed to Treat Drug Abuse
Carelli, Regina M. -- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Combined Voltammetry/Electrophysiology In Behaving Rats
Carey, Robert J. -- Central New York Research Corporation
A Study of Stimulant Induced Conditioned Drug Effects
Carlezon, William A. -- McLean Hospital (Belmont, MA)
A Simple Behavioral Model of Cocaine Withdrawal In Rats
Carroll, Marilyn E. -- University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Vulnerability To Drug Abuse--Experimental Interventions
Carvajal, Scott C. -- University of Arizona
Determinants of Latino/European American Youths' Substance Use
Celentano, David D. -- Johns Hopkins University
Reducing Youth Drug Related HIV/STD Risk In Thailand
Clark, D. J. -- Videodiscovery
Neuroscience Digital Library
Clark, Duncan B. -- University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh
Drug Addiction Transitions from Adolesence to Adulthood
Clark, Vincent P. -- University of Connecticut School of Medicine and Dentistry
Neural Function In Cocaine Dependence and Relapse
Clayton, Richard R. -- University of Kentucky
Drug Abuse Prevention - A Lifecourse Perspective
Cobb, Melanie H. -- University of Texas SW Medical Center/Dallas
Protein Kinase Substrates for Assays In Single Neurons
Colder, Craig R. -- State University of New York at Buffalo
Disinhibition and Risk For Early Substance Use
Costello, Elizabeth J. -- Duke University
Prepubertal Comordity: Gender & Developmental Heterotypy
Cottler, Linda B. -- Washington University
Tricity Study of Club Drug Use, Abuse and Dependence
Crunelli, Vincenzo -- University of Wales
Electrophysiological Action of GHB In Brain Reward Areas
Dannals, Robert F. -- Johns Hopkins University
Design/Charcterization of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Radioprobes
Davis, Michael S. -- Inflexxion, Inc.
Multimedia Divorce Education
Davis, Michael S. -- Innovative Training Systems
Multimedia Divorce Adjustment For Young Children
De La Garza Ii, Richard -- Yeshiva University
Depression Enhances Vulnerability To Cocaine Relapse
Dehaven, Robert N. -- Adolor Corporation
Discovery of K Opioid Analgesics Using Chimeric Receptor
Dehaven, Robert N. -- Adolor Corporation
Novel Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists As Analgesics
Detrick, Pamela L. -- Westcare California, Inc.
Treatment of PTSD In Women In A Therapeutic Community
Difranza, Joseph R. -- University of Massachusetts Medical School
Transition of Nicotine Dependence
Dugovic, Christine -- Northwestern University
Importance of Sleep & Genotype In Drug Abuse Studies
Durell, Jack – Deltametrics
Substance Abuse Treatment Planning & Placement Systems
Dusenbury, Linda A. -- Tanglewood Research, Inc.
All Stars Plus: Enhanced Competency and Skills Training
Easa, David -- University of Hawaii at Manoa
Planning Grant For Clinical Research Training
Ellen, Jonathan M. -- Johns Hopkins University
Drug Use and HIV Infected Female Adolescents' Care Use
Elman, Igor -- Massachusetts General Hospital
Neuroimaging of Drug Craving In Cocaine Dependence
Ensminger, Margaret E. -- Johns Hopkins University
A High Risk Prospective Study of Drug Use and Crime
Estape, Estela S. -- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences
Postdoctoral Master In Clinical Research
Evans, Thomas G. -- University of California Davis
North-Central California-Center For AIDS Research
Farrens, David L. -- Oregon Health & Science University
Purification & Structural Analysis/Cannabinoid Receptor
Feldman, Michael J. -- New York State Psychiatric Institute
Adolescent Substance Use, Suicide and Sexual Orientation
Feldman, Steven R. -- Wake Forest University
Reinforcing Properties of UV Light In Tanning Bed Users
Ferris, Craig F. -- University of Massachusetts Medical School
MRI of Brain Function and Receptors In Cocaine Addiction
Festinger, David S. -- Treatment Research Institute, Inc. (TRI)
Ethics of Participant Payment In Drug Abuse Research
Fishbein, Diana H. -- Research Triangle Institute
Neurocognitive Prerequisites For Preventing Drug Abuse
Flay, Brian R. -- University of Illinois at Chicago
The Positive Action Program: Outcomes and Mediators
Fleming, Michael F. -- University of Wisconsin Madison
Opioid Addiction In Primary Care Chronic Pain Patients
Foster, Edward M. -- Oregon Research Institute
School Wide Prevention of Risk Factors For Drug Abuse
France, Charles P. -- University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio
GHB Abuse--Chemistry and Neurobiology
Fricker, Lloyd D. -- Yeshiva University
Prosaas, A Novel Peptide Substrate of Carboxypeptidase E
Frost, Douglas O. -- University of Maryland Baltimore Prof School
Effects of M-Amphetamine on Neural Circuit Development
Fung, Ho-Leung -- State University of New York at Buffalo
Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of GHB and Precursors
Galli, Aurelio A. -- University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio
Molecular Mechanisms of Stimulant Abuse
Gant, Larry M. -- University of Michigan at Ann Arbor
HIV Risk Reduction For Drug Dependent Black Men
Garavan, Hugh P. -- Medical College of Wisconsin
The Role of Executive Functions In Cocaine Abuse
Gelberg, Lillian -- University of California Los Angeles
Homeless Women--Drugs, Race/Ethicity, and Health Care
George, Tony P. -- Yale University
Optimizing Treatment For Schizophrenic Smokers
Gerber-Allred, Carol M. -- Positive Action, Inc.
A Web Site and CD-Rom For 6th Graders on Drug Prevention
Gerber-Allred, Carol M. -- Positive Action, Inc.
Interactive CD-Rom & Website For Monitoring & Training
Gerhardt, Greg A. -- University of Kentucky
Neurochem Chip: Study of Neurotransmitter Release
Gevins, Alan S. -- Sam Technology, Inc.
nNice (Neurocognitive Index Of Cannabis Effects) System
Gibb, James W. -- University of Utah
Differential Effects of Methamphetamine and Cocaine
Giles, Steven M. -- Tanglewood Research, Inc.
Building Teacher Mastery Via An Internet Training System
Goda, Yukiko -- University of California San Diego
Synapse Remodeling on Photoconductive Silicon Interface
Gogineni, Aruna -- Brown University
Drug Reduction Intervention For Needle Exchange Clients
Grabowski, John G. -- University of Texas Health Sciences Center Houston
Opioid Maintenance: Optimal Stabilization & Withdrawal
Greenbaum, Paul E. -- University of South Florida
Mapping Substance Abuse Service Use
Greenblatt, David J. -- Tufts University Boston
Haart Regimens In Substance Abusers
Griffin, Kenneth W. -- Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Ethnic Differences In Competence and Adolescent Drug Use
Groopman, Jerome E. -- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Pathogenesis of Hepatic Injury With HCV/HIV Coinfection
Hagan, Holly C. -- Seattle-King County Public Health Department
Etiology and Prevention of Blood Borne Viruses In IDUs
Hall, Sharon M. -- University of California San Francisco
Maintaining Nonsmoking: Treatment of Older Smokers
Hallfors, Denise D. -- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Research To Practice: An Indicated Prevention Program
Hammett, Theodore -- ABT Associates, Inc.
Cross Border HIV Prevention Project--China and Vietnam
Hansen, William B. -- Tanglewood Research, Inc.
Drug Prevention In High Schools: All Stars, Sr.
Hatsukami, Dorothy K. -- University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Interventions For Tobacco Dependent Adolescents
He, Zhigang -- Children's Hospital (Boston, MA)
Signaling Mechanisms Mediating Effects of Semaphorin3a
Heberlein, Ulrike A. -- University of California San Francisco
Molecular Genetics/Nicotine-Induced Behaviors/Drosophila
Heimer, Robert -- Yale University
HIV Transmission In Russia Through Liquid Drug Injection
Hemby, Scott E. -- Emory University
Molecular Fingerprint of Cocaine Abuse Analysis
Hemby, Scott E. -- Emory University
Accumbens-Pallidal GABA and Morphine Reinforcement
Herting, Jerald R. -- University of Washington
Differential Effectiveness In Drug Prevention Programs
Hochhaus, Guenther -- Nanocoat Technologies
Slow Release Coatings For Inhaled Dynorphins
Hoebel, Bartley G. -- Princeton University
Accumbens Acetylcholine In A Neural Circuit For Aversion
Hogue, Aaron T. -- Fordham University
Adherence and Competence In Adolescent Drug Use Therapy
Holtz, Kristen D. -- Danya International, Inc.
Research Club For Elementary School-Aged Students
Hubbard, Robert L. -- Duke University
National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network
Hunt, Geoffrey P. -- Scientific Analysis Corporation
The Social World of Club Drugs: A Qualitative Study
Hutchison, Kent E. -- University of Colorado at Boulder
Progression of Craving and Addiction: Genetic Factors
Iguchi, Martin Y. -- RAND Corporation
Partner-Oriented Drug Treatment and HIV Risk Reduction
Irvine, A. B. -- Oregon Center For Applied Science
Interactive Training For Parents of At-Risk Adolescents
Izenwasser, Sari -- University of Miami
Behavioral Consequences of Drug Exposure In Adolescents
Jacobs, Russell E. -- California Institute of Technology
In Vivo Imaging of Neuronal Activity - After the Fact
Jacobsen, Leslie K. -- Yale University
Smoking, Brain Function and Outcome In Adolescents
Janda, Kim D. -- Scripps Research Institute
Immunopharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Cocaine Abuse
Jarbe, Torbjorn U. -- Temple University
Exogenous/Endogenous Cannabinoids--A Comparison
Javitch, Jonathan A. -- Columbia University Health Sciences
Archaeal & Bacterial Homologs of Dopamine Transporter
Jerome, Albert -- Behavioral Research Associates, Inc.
Netschedules: Internet-Based Gradual Smoking Cessation
Johnson, James R. -- James R. Johnson and Associates, LLC
Long Acting Naltrexone Biodegradable Injectable Gel
Kandel, Denise B. -- Columbia University Health Sciences
Epidemiological/Familial Aspects of Drug Use
Kandel, Denise B. -- Columbia University Health Sciences
Transition To Nicotine Dependence In Adolescence
Kelsoe, John R. -- University of California San Diego
Microarray Studies of Amphetamine Models of Psychosis
Khroyan, Taline V. -- SRI International
Nicotine Self Administration In Mice
Kinlock, Timothy W. -- Friends Research Institute, Inc.
Motivational Enhancement For Drug Court Probationers
Kirstein, Cheryl L. -- University of South Florida
Effects of Cocaine on the Developing Nucleus Accumbens
Klein, Laura -- Pennsylvania State University
Oral Nicotine Consumption In Periadolescent Mice
Klepinger, Daniel H. -- Battelle Centers/Public Health Research & Evaluation
Family, Drug Use, and Disparities In Adverse Outcomes
Knight, Danica K. -- Texas Christian University
Social Stress Among Mothers In Treatment
Krebs, Christopher P. -- Research Triangle Institute
Trends In Club Drug Use
Kumar, Anil -- University of Kansas Medical Center
Efffects of Opiate Virus/Host Response In SHIV
Lesage, Mark G. -- Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Inc.
Modeling Behavioral Treatments For Nicotine Dependence
Lester, Barry M. -- Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital
Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure and Child Development
Li, Jianghong -- Hispanic Health Council
Sociocultural Factors on Syringe Sharing and HIV Risks
Liang, Yiqing -- Clever Systems, Inc.
High Throughput Phenotyping: Drug Effects on Homecage Mouse Behavior
Liu, Ming -- Novascreen Biosciences Corporation
Identification of Novel D1 Selective Agonists
London, Edythe D. -- University of California Los Angeles
Nicotine Withdrawal, Smoking & Cognition: An FMRI Study
Lord, Sarah E. -- Inflexxion, Inc.
Next Edition: Multimedia Adolescent Drug Prevention
Lukas, Scott E. -- McLean Hospital (Belmont, MA)
Polydrug Abuse Imaging and Behavior
Macalino, Grace E. -- Brown University
IDU Access To HIV/HCV Prevention
Malow, Robert M. -- University of Miami
HIV Prevention For Adolescents: Research To Practice
Manev, Hari -- University of Illinois at Chicago
GHB and GABA-B Receptor In Drosophila
Marcelin, Louis H. -- University of Miami
Haitian Youth: Risk of Drug Use and HIV Infection
Mark, Gregory P. -- Oregon Health & Science University
Central Cholinergic Involvement In Cocaine Addiction
Marlowe, Douglas B. -- Treatment Research Institute, Inc. (TRI)
Services Research on Sanctions/Rewards In Drug Court
Marrocco, Richard T. -- University of Oregon
The Neurochemistry of Visuospatial Attention
Marsch, Lisa A. -- Healthsim, Inc.
Applying Web Technology To Buprenorphine Treatment
Marsch, Lisa A. -- University of Vermont
Chemotherapy for Opioid-Dependent Adolescents
Marsiglia, Flavio -- Arizona State University
Drug Resistance Strategies: The Next Generation
Martinez, Charles R. -- Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
A Parent Intervention To Prevent Latino Youth Drug Use
Martinez-Maldonado, Manuel -- Ponce School of Medicine
Master Degree In Public Health at Ponce School of Medicine
Mash, Deborah C. -- University of Miami
Rapid Screening Method: Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Detection
Matsumoto, Rae R. -- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Synthesis & Evaluation of Cocaine Antagonists
McCoy, Clyde B. -- University of Miami
Drug Abuse and AIDS Research Center at University of Miami
McCoy, Clyde B. -- University of Miami
Alternative Strategies In the Prevention of HIV/STDs
Mcgaugh, James L. -- University of California Irvine
7th Conference on Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
Meaney, Michael J. -- McGill University
Individual Differences In Mesolimbic Dopamine Systems
Mello, Nancy K.-- McLean Hospital (Belmont, MA)
Cocaine Abuse and the Role of Gonadal Steroid Hormones
Meucci, Olimpia -- MCP Hahnemann University
Role of Chemokine Receptors In Neuronal Survival
Mezzich, Ada C. -- University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh
Female Adolescent Drug Abuse: Biobehavioral Development
Michael, Adrian C. -- University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh
Sampling and Detection of Neuropeptides In Nl Volumes
Michels, Peter C. -- Albany Molecular Research, Inc.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Selective D1 Agonists
Milby, Jesse B. -- University of Alabama at Birmingham
Abuse Therapies for the Homeless
Mintzer, Miriam Z. -- Johns Hopkins University
Neuroimaging of Benzodiazepine-Induced Amnesia
Mody, Istvan -- University of California Los Angeles
Mechanisms/GHB/Models/Acute/Chronic GBH Intoxication.
Mogil, Jeffrey S. -- McGill University
QTL Mapping of Multiple Analgesic Modalities
Monterosso, John -- University of Pennsylvania
Brain Substrates of Self-Control In Addiction
Murguia, Edward E. -- Texas A&M University System
Youth, Technology, and the Proliferation of Drug Use
Naar-King, Sylvie -- Wayne State University
Motivational Therapy/Reduce Risk Behaviors/HIV/Youth
Nader, Michael A. -- Wake Forest University
Transition To Cocaine Abuse In Monkey: Role of Dopamine
Nagarkatti, Mitzi -- Virginia Commonwealth University
Cannabinoid-Induced Apoptosis of Immune Cells
Nagy, Andras -- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute
New Directions In Mutagenized Es Cell Libraries
Neaigus, Alan -- National Development & Research Institutes
Network Risks Among Injecting Drug Users
Neff, James A. -- University of Texas Austin
Research Program on Drug Abuse Interventions
Nemes, Susanna -- Danya International, Inc.
Smoking Cessation Intervention For Youth
Neumeyer, John L. -- McLean Hospital (Belmont, MA)
Mixed Kappa/Mu Opioids: Synthesis and Evaluation
Nichols, Ruthann -- University of Michigan at Ann Arbor
Novel Genes Involved In Drug Response
Norris, Keith C. -- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine & Science
Masters of Clinical Research Sciences Planning Grant
O'Donnell, Patricio -- Albany Medical College of Union University
Electrophysiology of Behavioral Sensitization
O'Dowd, Diane K. -- University of California Irvine
Role of Nicotine In Regulation of naChRs In Drosophila
Odum, Amy -- University of New Hampshire
Effects of Drugs In An Animal Model of Relapse
Ofili, Elizabeth -- Morehouse School of Medicine
Planning Grant For Clinical Research Training
Ondersma, Steven J. -- Wayne State University
Interactive Motivational Media For Perinatal Drug Abuse
O'Toole, Thomas P. -- Johns Hopkins University
Clinical Research To Improve Drug Abuse Treatment Entry
Owens, Samuel M. -- University of Arkansas Medical Sciences Little Rock
Preclinical Testing of Antibody Therapy for Meth Abuse
Paul, Robert H. -- Miriam Hospital
Cognition In HIV-Infected Cocaine Abusers
Picciotto, Marina R. -- Yale University
Anatomical Basis For Nicotine Addiction In Mice
Pickett, Kate E. -- University of Chicago
Patterns of Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy
Pilowsky, Daniel J. -- Columbia University Health Sciences
HIV Risk-Reduction With Drug-Using Youth
Piomelli, Daniele -- University of California Irvine
Endocannabinoid Release and Inactivation
Pitt, Jane R. -- Columbia University Health Sciences
Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS IV)
Poland, Russell E -- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Developmental Exposure To Nicotine
Polich, John M. -- Scripps Research Institute
Neuroelectric Assessment of MDMA (Ecstasy) Use In Adults
Price, Rumi K. -- Washington University
Follow-Up of Vietnam Veterans at Risk For Suicide
Pruitt, Steven C. -- Roswell Park Cancer Institute Corp.
Development of A High Throughput Gene Trap Vector
Rao, Uma -- University of California Los Angeles
Markers of Risk For Nicotine Dependence In Youngsters
Regan, Jeffrey F. -- Dermal Systems International, Inc.
A Novel Drugs-of-Abuse Longitudinal Abstinence Monitor
Reich, Theodore -- Washington University
The Collaborative Genetic Study of Nicotine Dependence
Renshaw, Perry F. -- McLean Hospital (Belmont, MA)
High Field MR Research In Drug Abuse
Rhee, Soo H. -- University of Colorado at Boulder
Causes of Comorbidity: Substance Use Disorder, ADHD & CD
Riley, William T. -- Personal Improvement Computer Systems
Community Based Automated Smoking Assessment
Risinger, Robert C. -- Medical College of Wisconsin
Neural Substrates of Human Cocaine Self-Administration
Robbins, Michael S. -- University of Miami
Involving Parents In Adolescent Drug Abuse Treatment
Robertson, Angela A. -- Mississippi State University
Prevalence of HIV/STDs Among Incarcerated Juveniles
Roffman, Roger A. -- University of Washington
Reaching and Motivating Change In Teen Marijuana Smokers
Roffman, Roger A. -- University of Washington
Marijuana Dependence Treatment
Roll, John M. -- Friends Research Institute, Inc.
Human Methamphetamine Use: A Model
Roll, John M. -- University of California Los Angeles
Behavorial Pharmacology of Gamma Hydroxybutyrate
Roman, Paul M. -- University of Georgia
CTN Membership and Adoption of Innovative Tx Practices
Roman, Paul M. -- University of Georgia
Therapeutic Communities--Management and Performance
Rush, Craig R. -- University of Kentucky
GABA Agonists As Pharmacotherapies For Cocaine Abuse
Sacks, Joann Y. -- National Development & Research Institutes
Women's Prison TC--Outcomes, Process & Economic Analysis
Sanders-Phillips, Kathy -- Howard University
Community-Based Correlates of Adolescent Substance Use
Scheier, Lawrence M. -- University of Nevada Las Vegas
Dynamic Models of Adolescent Drug Use Prevention
Schensul, Jean J. -- Institute for Community Research
Club Drugs/Resource Inequity/Health Risk In Urban Youth
Schottenfeld, Richard S. -- Yale University
HIV Risk Reduction And Drug Abuse Treatment In Malaysia
Schwartz, Robert P. -- Friends Research Institute, Inc.
Services Research On Interim Opioid Maintenance
Seeman, Philip -- University of Toronto
Receptors Mediating Drug Dependence
Semba, Richard D. -- Johns Hopkins University
Iron Deficiency and Anemia In HIV and HCV Infected Women
Siegal, Harvey A. -- Wright State University
Crack Cocaine and Health Services Use In Rural Ohio
Siegel, Shepard -- McMaster University
Associative Contributions To Drug Tolerance
Sindelar, Jody L. -- Yale University
Economic Evaluations In The CTN--Methods & Applications
Singer, Lynn T. -- Case Western Reserve University
Developmental Outcomes of Prenatal Exposure To MDMA
Slesnick, Natasha -- University of New Mexico Albuquerque
Outcome of CRA With Homeless Street Youth
Slotkin, Theodore A. -- Duke University
Fetal & Adolescent Nicotine Effects on CNS 5HT Systems
Sorensen, James -- University of California San Francisco
Therapeutic Community and Opioid Replacement Therapy
Sorg, Barbara A. -- Washington State University
Cocaine and Brain Extracellular Matrix
Spence, Richard T. -- University of Texas Austin
A Study of Heroin Inhalers
Spence, Richard T. -- University of Texas Austin
Drug Attitudes and Behavior on the US/Mexico Border
Stein, Michael D. -- Rhode Island Hospital (Providence, RI)
Midcareer Investigator Award In Substance Abuse Research
Steketee, Jeffery D. -- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Cocaine Sensitization
Sterk, Claire E. -- Emory University
Club Drugs: Ecstasy Use Patterns and HIV Risk
Sterns, Ronni S. -- Creative Action, Inc.
PIRL: Prison Information Resource Library
Strathdee, Steffanie A. -- Johns Hopkins University
Reduce Transmission Risks & Improve HCV Treatment Access
Striley, Catherine W. -- Washington University
Culture In Congruence and Substance Treatment Access
Strombeck, Rita D. -- Healthcare Education Associates
HIV/AIDS Prevention For Women In Drug Treatment
Stroud, Laura R. -- Miriam Hospital
Prenatal Smoking Exposure and Infant Cortisol Reactivity
Sweat, Michael D. -- Johns Hopkins University
Evaluation of A 3-Component IDU Intervention
Sweedler, Jonathan V. -- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Neuropeptides In The CNS With Imaging Mass Spectrometry
Tancer, Manuel E. -- Wayne State University
Effects of the Ecstasy Drug In Humans
Tangney, June P. -- George Mason University
Recidivism, Drug Abuse, and HIV Risk Behaviors
Tao, Rui -- Rutgers University
Opioids & Plasticity In Regulation of Serotonin Release
Tarazi, Frank I. -- Biostream Therapeutics, Inc.
Neuroadaptive Effects After Chronic CTDP 31446 Treatment
Tidey, Jennifer W. -- Brown University
Transdermal Nicotine and Bupropion-SR In Schizophrenics
Tsibulsky, Vladimir -- University of Cincinnati
Measurement of Priming and Satiety Thresholds In Mice
Tulsky, Jacqueline P. -- University of California San Francisco
A Clinical Trial of Dot For Haart In Jailed Drug Users
Tunnicliff, Godfrey -- Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
Mechanisms of Signal Transduction of GHB Action
Tuomalo, Ruth E. -- Brigham and Women's Hospital
Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS)
Valdez, Avelardo -- University of Texas San Antonio
Hispanic Heroin Users, Transitions To Injecting and HIV
Vander Stoep, Ann -- University of Washington
Emergence: Co-Occurring Depression/Externalizing Problems
Volsky, David J. -- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Institute for Health Sciences
Toward A Mouse Model of HIV Infection & Drug Addiction
Waldron, Holly B. -- University of New Mexico Albuquerque
Resistant Adolescent Substance Abusers In Treatment
Walsh, J. M. -- Walsh Group, PA
Web-Based Drug-Free Workplace Development
Waltz, Jennifer A. -- Behavioral Technology Transfer Group
Skills Training Video For Dialectical Behavior Therapy
Waters, Andrew J. -- Georgetown University
Role of Attentional Bias In Tobacco Dependence
Wecker, Lynn -- University of South Florida
Regulation of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors
Weerts, Elise M. -- Johns Hopkins University
Studies on the Role of GABA In Cocaine Addiction
Weerts, Elise M. -- Johns Hopkins University
Dependence Potential of GHB, GBL and 1,4-Bd
Wells, Jennifer J. -- Oregon Center for Applied Science
Preventing Substance Abuse In Special Education Students
Wenzel, Suzanne L. -- RAND Corporation
Quality of Care In the Therapeutic Community
Wetter, David W. -- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Race/Ethnicity and the Process of Smoking Cessation
Whitbeck, Leslie B. -- University of Nebraska Lincoln
Partnerships For Culturally Specific Drug Prevention
Wilson, Darcy B. -- Mixture Sciences, Inc.
Mimic Peptides of HIV1 Epitopes As Vaccines
Winter, Jerrold C. -- State University of New York at Buffalo
Behavioral & Pharmacological Analysis of Drugs of Abuse
Woods, James H. -- University of Michigan at Ann Arbor
Narcotic Drug and Opioid Peptide Basic Research Project
Woods, Kristy F. -- Meharry Medical College
Planning Grant for Clinical Research Training
Woolverton, William L. -- University of Mississippi Medical Center
Dopaminergic Mechanisms In Stimulant Self Administration
Wu, Z. H. -- University of Texas Medical Br Galveston
Club Drug Use In Young, Low Income Women
Xu, Ming -- University of Cincinnati
Molecular Determinants of Compulsive Cocaine-Taking
Young, Paul A. -- Nova Research Company
Adolescent HIV/STD Risk of Exposure Screen Development
Young, Rebecca M. -- National Development & Research Institutes
Measuring Sexual Minority Status Among Women Drug Users
Zaveri, Nurulain T. -- SRI International
Design of Small-Molecule Nociceptin Receptor Ligands
Zeltser, Gregory -- Physical Optics Corporation
Immunofluorometric Drug Detection System
Zlotnick, Caron -- Butler Hospital (Providence, RI)
Treatment for PTSD and Substance Abuse In Prisoners
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