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Motivational Interviewing

NIC Video: Two Probation Officer/Offender Contact Sessions

These two role-played scenarios can be used in training or skill coding sessions as examples of 1) a traditional probation supervision session, and 2) a supervision session during which the probation officer uses motivational interviewing skills. Coded and uncoded transcripts are available upon request. To order this DVD, ask for accession number 022005 by telephone (800.877.1461) or through the Online Help Desk (www.nicic.gov/helpdesk).

Library Resources

Exercises for Developing MI Skills in Corrections

Motivational Interviewing in Corrections: A Comprehensive Gu...

Motivating Offenders to Change: A Guide for Probation and Pa...

Motivational Interviewing (with a Criminal Justice Focus)

Implementing Motivational Interviewing in Correctional Setti...

Motivational Interviewing Training [Lesson Plans]

Motivational Interviewing: An Introduction [Lesson Plan and...

Thinking for a Change: Integrated Cognitive Behavior Change ...

Two Probation Officer/Offender Contact Sessions

Motivational Interviewing (MI) arose during the 1980s from alcohol counseling research. This research began to suggest that certain types of brief counseling interactions could be as effective as more lengthy interventions and that a certain kind of provider style was better at eliciting change.

MI is a person-centered communication method of fostering change by helping a person explore and resolve ambivalence. Rather than using external pressure, MI looks for ways to access internal motivation for change. It borrows from client-centered counseling in its emphasis on empathy, optimism, and respect for client choice. MI also draws from self-perception theory, which says that a person becomes more or less committed to an action based on the verbal stance he or she takes. Thus, an offender who talks about the benefits of change is more likely to make that change, whereas an offender who argues and defends the status quo is more likely to continue his or her present behavior.

Evidence-Based Practices Resources
Resources and training on the use of Evidence-Based Practices.

NIC Video: Two Probation Officer/Offender Contact Sessions
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These two role-played scenarios can be used in training or skill coding sessions as examples of 1) a traditional probation supervision session, and 2) a supervision session during which the probation officer uses motivational interviewing skills. Coded and uncoded transcripts are available upon request. To order this DVD, ask for accession number 022005 by telephone (800.877.1461) or through the Online Help Desk (www.nicic.gov/helpdesk).

Direct Link: http://community.nicic.gov/files/folders/2699/download.aspx

Recommended Reading

Date	Title	Type
2012	Exercises for Developing MI Skills in Corrections By Bogue, Bradford; Nandi, Anjali. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Motivational interviewing (MI) helps clients become less ambivalent about altering their maladaptive behaviors. This publication presents “scenarios that agents commonly encounter in their efforts to monitor and reinforce court/parole/institutional conditions and address clients’ central eight criminogenic needs. This book also considers the learning tasks of MI in relation to the eight principles for effective interventions outlined in Implementing Evidence-Based Practice in Community Correctio... Read More	65 pages
2012	Motivational Interviewing in Corrections: A Comprehensive Guide to Implementing MI in Corrections By Bogue, Bradford; Nandi, Anjali. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). This guide explains how to implement motivational interviewing (MI) in correctional settings. Motivational Interviewing is a counseling technique that enables people to get beyond their reluctance to change problem behaviors. MI is directive (focused on goals), client-centered, and non-confrontational. The first four chapters of this guide “address background and fundamental issues related to agency or systemwide implementation of MI … [while the last two chapters] address agency issues, such as... Read More	84 pages
2007	Motivating Offenders to Change: A Guide for Probation and Parole By Walters, Scott T.; Clark, Michael D.; Gingerich, Ray; Meltzer, Melissa L.. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). This publication "provides probation and parole officers and other correctional professionals with both a solid grounding in the principles behind MI [motivational interviewing] and a practical guide for applying these principles in their everyday dealings with offenders" (p.2). Seven chapters are contained in this guide: how MI fits in with evidence-based practice; how and why people change; the motivational interviewing style; preparing for change; building motivation for change; navigating th... Read More	100 p.
2011	Motivational Interviewing (with a Criminal Justice Focus) National Institute of Corrections Information Center (Aurora, CO). Motivational Interviewing (MI) was introduced to the field of corrections in the 1990s through the Evidence-based Practices (EBP) Model as a method for enhancing intrinsic motivation. Since that time, agencies throughout the U.S., in all criminal justice settings, have—to a greater or lesser degree—explored if, when, and how to implement this approach to communicating, building rapport, and tapping into the internal motivation of the clients and staff members they work with. This annotated bi... Read More	15 pages
2009	Implementing Motivational Interviewing in Correctional Settings: An Interview with Dr. William Miller National Institute of Corrections Academy (Aurora, CO). This presentation is an extended interview with Dr. William Miller regarding the utilization of motivational interviewing (MI) in correctional settings. Topics discussed include: Background of MI MI in corrections How MI works The spirit of MI Implementing MI MI applications and assessment Brief and one-time MI Essentials of MI MI roll-out and training The supervisor’s role MI research And implications for policy makers, supervis... Read More	1 computer disk; DVD-ROM (142 min.) + 1 computer disk; CD-ROM
2003	Motivational Interviewing Training [Lesson Plans] By Bogue, Brad Nandi, Anjali. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Justice System Assessment & Training (Boulder, CO). The use of motivational interviewing (MI) with offenders is described during this 12-hour program. MI is an integrated and "complex set of clinical skills and strategies based on the principles of autonomy, collaboration and evocation" (p. i). Sections of this curriculum cover: principles of effective interventions; introduction to MI; active listening; identifying and eliciting change talk; values exploration; working with resistance; acronym model and review; Transtheoretical Model of Change;... Read More	116 p.
2005	Motivational Interviewing: An Introduction [Lesson Plan and Participant's Manual] National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Hampton-Newport News Criminal Justice Agency (Hampton, VA); Orbis Partners, Inc. (Ottawa, CA). The use of motivational interviewing during the case management process is covered during this 10-hour course. Modules include: setting the context; motivational interviewing; assess motivation; stage matched motivational strategies; applying motivational interviewing -- effective case work (e.g., case analysis, feedback, prioritize, assess motivation, focusing, and review and update); and enhancing treatment compliance. The accompanying Training the Trainer program is 24-hours long.... Read More	186 p.
2011	Thinking for a Change: Integrated Cognitive Behavior Change Program By Bush, Jack; Glick, Barry; Taymans, Juliana. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Thinking for a Change (T4C) is the innovative, evidence-based cognitive behavioral curriculum from the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) that has broadly influenced the correctional field and the way correctional facilitators work with offenders and inmates. The program can be delivered to correctional clients by facilitators who have been trained to do so. Studies have shown that, when implemented with integrity, it can reduce recidivism among offenders. Lessons comprising this manual are... Read More	708 pages
2004	Two Probation Officer/Offender Contact Sessions National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO) National Institute of Corrections. Community Corrections Division (Washington, DC). These two role-played scenarios can be used in training or skill coding sessions as examples of: 1) A traditional probation supervision session 2) A supervision session during which the probation officer uses motivational interviewing skills. Coded and uncoded transcripts are available upon request. To order this DVD, ask for accession number 022005 by telephone (800.877.1461) or through the Online Help Desk (www.nicic.gov/helpdesk). ... Read More	1 DVD (10 min.)

Related Resources

Date	Title	Type
1993	Aggression Management: A Program of Communication Skills and Strategies for Probation and Parole Officers [Lesson Plan] By Bush, Jack. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Missouri Dept. of Corrections (Jefferson City, MO). The objective of this lesson plan is to provide skills that will assist probation and parole officers to minimize conflict and maximize cooperation between themselves and non-compliant offenders under their supervision. Module topics include: The cognitive foundations of aggressive behavior, Basic skill strategies, Critical situations, Thinking reports as a counseling tool, The follow-up interview, And cognitive counseling skills. The curriculum pack... Read More	52 p.
1995	Communications in Corrections--Supplement By Stucker, John J.; Smith, Gretchen M.; Sprecher, Rob. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). This supplement describes the communications audits, technical assistance, and small grant projects supported by the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) during this communications improvement program. The report summarizes communication issues and effective strategies for improvement. Topics discussed include community relations, media relations, corrections policy, internal communications, and organizational development. Included is a summary of the steps involved in developing a strate... Read More	16 p.
1993	A Communications Audit: Promoting Public Understanding of Corrections By Stucker, John J.; Camp, George M.; Smith, Gretchen M.. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). This report examines the issues surrounding the corrections community's communications needs, serving as an aid for developing strategies and methodologies to improve the quality and impact of communications activities. This monograph documents and describes the audit process undertaken in three state departments of corrections as they sought to develop more effective communications plans. States included in the project were Rhode Island, Alabama, and California. ... Read More	75 p.
2004	Foundation Skills for Trainers: 32-Hour Training Program [Videoconference Held March 22-25, 2004] National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO). This 32-hour program willl help participants develop the preparation, presentation, and platform delivery skills needed to conduct training using established curricula. Focus areas include the needs and characteristics of adult learners, learning styles, the role of the correctional trainer, managing a learner-centered training environment, asking and responding to questions, facilitating lesson plans, teaching to performance objectives, and basic teaching methods.... Read More	3 DVDs + 1 CD
1993	Correctional Technology: A User's Guide By Kichen, Carol Cole; Murphy, James; Levinson, Robert B.. National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). American Correctional Association (Laurel, MD); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Meant to provide corrections administrators with a nonbiased, objective source for evaluating different correctional technologies, this guide is divided into seven chapters: 1- Perimeter Security Systems; 2- Locks and Locking Systems; 3- Internal Detection Systems; 4- Monitoring and Surveillance Systems; 5- Fire Safety Systems; 6- Communication Systems; and 7- Management Information Systems. Each chapter includes an abstract, table of contents, executive summary, and sections containing sample ... Read More	278 p.
1993	Bridging the Gap: Winning Administration's Support for Training National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); National Institute of Corrections Academy. Northeast Regional Field Coordinators (N.P.). Designed specifically for correctional trainers from all areas of corrections, this twenty-four-hour seminar instructs participants in the development of a strategic action plan that will link training with agency needs. Communication styles, individual and organizational change theory, and social marketing are topics discussed. The manual contains lesson plans and a participant's guide. The seminar was held in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, September 14-16, 1993.... Read More	ca. 100 p.
1992	Quality Through Teamwork National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). New York State Dept. of Correctional Services (Albany, NY). Taught by experienced trainers from correctional facilities, this course brings teamwork training from the business community into correctional services. Designed for administrators and staff alike, this three-day program includes lectures, role-playing, demonstrations, and exercises designed to encourage people to think and act as a team. The course also attempts to improve the participants' communication skills and decision-making abilities. The training package includes a one-volume, loose-le... Read More	54 p.
2004	Interpersonal Communications in the Correctional Setting: IPC National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); National Juvenile Detention Association (Richard, KY). This basic communication skills training program, developed by Robert R. Carkhuff, has been used by correctional agencies for more than thirty-five years to train officers and counselors. Sessions contained in this course are: introduction to the IPC (interpersonal communication) model; the basics -- sizing up the situation; positioning; posturing; observing; listening; summary of the basics; the add-ons -- communicating to inmates; responding to inmates -- identifying content; responding to inm... Read More	2 computer disks; 1 DVD-ROM (100 min.) + 1 CD-ROM
1999	Contemporary Issues in Prison Management: Additional Readings National Institute of Corrections. Prisons Division (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO). Seven articles comprise this document: "The Transformation of Corrections: 50 Years of Silent Revolutions" by Simon Dinitz; by Dick Franklin -- "Culture Is. . .as Culture DOES", "Protective Custody: A Window to Institution Culture", "Supermax: More of the Same in the 21st Century?", and "Writing Made Easy. .[sic] [strike out Easy, replace with] Easier"; "In-Service Training: Missed Opportunities or Instrument of Change" by Gary C. Mohr; and "Managing Prisons in the 21st Century" by Richard P. Se... Read More	82 p.
2004	Effective Communication/Motivational Strategies in Assessing and Overcoming Resistance to Change [Lesson Plans and Participant's Manual] By Ferns, Ray; Gornik, Mark; Cheney, Deena. National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO). This 32-hour training program will "provide practitioners, who are working with resistive, chemically dependent or criminal populations, with specific knowledge, skills and techniques to more effectively internalize motivation for change" (p. 1). This course includes eight modules: Introduction to overall course; Offender management; Social learning theory; Overview of "What Works" research; Criminal logic; Introduction to basic communication skills; Why these skills won... Read More
1992	Cultural Diversity: Training for Trainers National Institute of Corrections National Academy of Corrections (Longmont, CO). National Institute of Corrections National Academy of Corrections. Central and Southern Regional Field Coordinators (N.P.); Eastern Kentucky University. Training Resource Center (Richmond, KY). Targeted for criminal justice professionals who train, this curriculum demonstrates communication skills that strengthen positive interaction, evaluates the impact of individual cultural perspectives and personal beliefs on the effectiveness of interacting with others, and identifies positive and negative relationships that are impacted by cultural diversity in the work place. Section topics include creating a common understanding, what it means to be different in your organization, communicati... Read More	ca. 140 p. + 1 videocassette (9 min.); VHS
2005	Motivational Interviewing: An Introduction [Lesson Plan and Participant's Manual] National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC). Hampton-Newport News Criminal Justice Agency (Hampton, VA); Orbis Partners, Inc. (Ottawa, CA). The use of motivational interviewing during the case management process is covered during this 10-hour course. Modules include: setting the context; motivational interviewing; assess motivation; stage matched motivational strategies; applying motivational interviewing -- effective case work (e.g., case analysis, feedback, prioritize, assess motivation, focusing, and review and update); and enhancing treatment compliance. The accompanying Training the Trainer program is 24-hours long.... Read More	186 p.